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Lizard, Iguana, 86

Lloyd, Francis E., 126

Loranthaceae, 82

Lorenz, Konrad Z., 38, 61

Love:

as expression of creative energy, 19495

Page 214

M

Machismo, 89

Maeterlinck, Maurice, 70

Mammals:

as eaters and dispersers of seeds, 8687;

predatory, 157

Manakins, 28, 91

Marshall, A. J., 188

Mayr, Ernst, 139

Mencius, 50

Merl, Edmund M., 126

Meyerriecks, AndrewJ., 58

Mind:

aberrations of, 16364;

potentialities of, 16364

Mistletoes, Loranthaceae, 82

"Mobbing" by birds, 5859

Monkey, Cebus capuchinus:

misbehavior of, 188

Howling, Alouatta palliata, 26, 77

Morality:

as mitigator of conflict in the living world, 20

Moses, 26

Musk-oxen, Ovibos moschatus:

protection of calves by, 77

Mutual aid:

in mixed flocks and herds, 2728, 5360

N

Natural theology, 12

Nectar:

as food for animals, 9091

Nepenthaceae, 102107

Nepenthes ampullaria, 103

N. edwardsiana,104

N. rajah,105

Nunbird, White-fronted, Monasa morphoeus:

cooperative breeding of, 75

Nuthatch, Pygmy, Sitta pygmaea:

sleeping in cavities by, 71

O

Ontology:

two-aspect, or bipolar, 142

Orchids, 82, 84

Organisms:

interactions of, 7996

Oriole, Baltimore, Icterus galbula, 22

Bullock's, I. bullockii, 22

Ostrich, Struthio camelus, 29, 57

Owls, 5859

Oxpeckers, Buphagus 2 spp.:

remove ticks from mammals, 67

P

Palm, Royal, Roystonea sp., 72

Palmchat, Dulus dominicus:

apartment houses of, 7273

Paradoxes of the living world, 79

Parakeet(s), hanging, Loriculus spp.:

sleeping in contact by, 65

Monk, Myiopsitta monachus: apartment houses of, 73

Parapara (Nyctaginaceae):

viscid inflorescences of, 110

Parasitic plants, 82;

relations with hosts, 84

Parrots:

as seed predators, 86, 156

Peck orders:

in artificial situations, 62;

of domestic hens, 60;

as means of social integration, 63

Pelican, American White, Pelecanus eythrorhynchos, 69

Penguin, Chinstrap, Pygoscelis antarctica,36

Pigeon(s):

social ranking of, 60;

wing clapping by, 59

Wood, Columba palumbus, 62

Pinguicula vulgaris:

carnivory of, 117

Pitcher plant, West Australian, Cephalotus follicularis,107

Plant-pollinator-seed disperser alliance:

importance of, 155, 15960

Plants, carnivorous or insectivorous, 8485, 97129;

digestion of prey by, 99100, 106, 110, 112, 116, 117, 127

Plants:

cooperation among, 90;

cooperation with animals, 9092;

pitcher, 98108

Plato:

Laws of, 182

Pliny, the Elder, 67

Plover, Egyptian, Pluvianus aegyptius:

removes ticks from crocodiles, 67

Plutarch, 93, 180

Page 215

Pollen:

as food of bees, 91

Porphyry, 38

Prairie chickens, Tympanuchus spp., 27

Predation:

anatomical effects of, 89;

aspects of, 88;

psychic effects of, 89, 90;

role in regulating populations of, 15859

Preening, reciprocal:

as social bond, 6567

Prophets, Hebrew, 191

Purple Pitcher Plant, Sarracenia purpurea,100

Q

Quelea, Red-billed, Quelea quelea, 159

R

Rabbit, Cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus:

caudal flag of, 59

Rafflesia arnoldii:

flower of, 82

Raptors:

misplaced admiration of, 157

Redstart, Slate-throated, Myioborus miniatus, 39

Regan, Tom, 154

Renaissance:

liberating effects of, 178

Rhea, Greater, Rhea americana, 29

Riney, Thane, 57

Rodents:

as seed-eaters, 8687

Roosting:

communal, 71;

in contact, 6465, 73

Roridula sp., 110

Rowley, Ian, 76

Ruff, Philomachus pugnax, 27

S

Sandpiper, Spotted, Actitis macularia, 40

Sarracenia flava, 98

S. psittacina, 98

S. purpurea, 99, 100

Sarraceniaceae, 98102

Schjelderup-Ebbe, T., 60

Schomburgk, R. H., 101

Seladang,