History of Western Philosophy - Bertrand Russell [501]
1 'The old woman dies, the burden departs.'
25 NIETZSCHE
1 I seem to remember that someone anticipated Mill in this dictum.
2 In all quotations from Nietzsche, the italics are in the original.
26 THE UTILITARIANS1
1 For a fuller treatment of this subject, as also of Marx, see Part II of my Freedom and Organization, 1814–1914.
27 KARL MARX
1 Eleven Theses on Feuerbach, 1845.
2 I am writing in 1943.
Table of Contents
CONTENTS
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
Book One Ancient Philosophy
Part I The Pre-Socratics
1 THE RISE OF GREEK CIVILIZATION
2 THE MILESIAN SCHOOL
3 PYTHAGORAS
4 HERACLITUS
5 PARMENIDES
6 EMPEDOCLES
7 ATHENS IN RELATION TO CULTURE
8 ANAXAGORAS
9 THE ATOMISTS
10 PROTAGORAS
Part II Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
11 SOCRATES
12 THE INFLUENCE OF SPARTA
13 THE SOURCES OF PLATO'S OPINIONS
14 PLATO'S UTOPIA
15 THE THEORY OF IDEAS
16 PLATO'S THEORY OF IMMORTALITY
17 PLATO'S COSMOGONY
18 KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION IN PLATO
19 ARISTOTLE'S METAPHYSICS
20 ARISTOTLE'S ETHICS
21 ARISTOTLE'S POLITICS
22 ARISTOTLE'S LOGIC
23 ARISTOTLE'S PHYSICS
24 EARLY GREEK MATHEMATICS AND ASTRONOMY
Part III Ancient Philosophy after Aristotle
25 THE HELLENISTIC WORLD
26 CYNICS AND SCEPTICS
27 THE EPICUREANS
28 STOICISM
29 THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN RELATION TO CULTURE
30 PLOTINUS
Book Two Catholic Philosophy
INTRODUCTION
Part I The Fathers
1 THE RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENT OF THE JEWS
2 CHRISTIANITY DURING THE FIRST FOUR CENTURIES
3 THREE DOCTORS OF THE CHURCH
4 ST AUGUSTINE'S PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY
I. PURE PHILOSOPHY
II. THE CITY OF GOD
III. THE PELAGIAN CONTROVERSY
5 THE FIFTH AND SIXTH CENTURIES
6 ST BENEDICT AND GREGORY THE GREAT
Part II The Schoolmen
7 THE PAPACY IN THE DARK AGES
8 JOHN THE SCOT
9 ECCLESIASTICAL REFORM IN THE ELEVENTH CENTURY
10 MOHAMMEDAN CULTURE AND PHILOSOPHY
11 THE TWELFTH CENTURY
CONFLICT OF EMPIRE AND PAPACY
RISE OF THE LOMBARD CITIES
THE CRUSADES
THE GROWTH OF SCHOLASTICISM
12 THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY
13 ST THOMAS AQUINAS
14 FRANCISCAN SCHOOLMEN
15 THE ECLIPSE OF THE PAPACY
Book Three Modern Philosophy
Part I From the Renaissance to Hume
1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
2 THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
3 MACHIAVELLI
4 ERASMUS AND MORE
5 THE REFORMATION AND COUNTER-REFORMATION
6 THE RISE OF SCIENCE
7 FRANCIS BACON
8 HOBBES'S LEVIATHAN
9 DESCARTES
10 SPINOZA
11 LEIBNIZ
12 PHILOSOPHICAL LIBERALISM
13 LOCKE'S THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE
14 LOCKE'S POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
A. THE HEREDITARY PRINCIPLE
B. THE STATE OF NATURE, AND NATURAL LAW
C. THE SOCIAL CONTRACT
D. PROPERTY
E. CHECKS AND BALANCES
15 LOCKE'S INFLUENCE
16 BERKELEY
17 HUME
Part II From Rousseau to the Present Day
18 THE ROMANTIC MOVEMENT
19 ROUSSEAU
20 KANT
A. GERMAN IDEALISM IN GENERAL
B. OUTLINE OF KANT'S PHILOSOPHY
C. KANT'S THEORY OF SPACE AND TIME
21 CURRENTS OF THOUGHT IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
22 HEGEL
23 BYRON
24 SCHOPENHAUER
25 NIETZSCHE
26 THE UTILITARIANS1
27 KARL MARX
28 BERGSON
29 WILLIAM JAMES
30 JOHN DEWEY
31 THE PHILOSOPHY OF LOGICAL ANALYSIS
INDEX
Footnotes