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Click here Lynch, A. 1996. Thought Contagion: How Belief Spreads through Society. New York: Basic Books.

Click here Blackmore, S. 1997. “The Power of the Meme Meme: Religion as a Meme Suggests How a Science of Memetics Illuminates Human Evolution,” Skeptic, 5/2: 46.

Click here Polichak, J. W. 1998. “Memes—What Are They Good For? A Critique of Memetic Approaches to Information Processing,” Skeptic, 6/3: 46.

Click here Blackmore, S. 1999. The Meme Machine. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Click here Leuba, J. H. 1916. The Belief in God and Immortality: A Psychological, Anthropological and Statistical Study. Boston: Sherman, French & Co.

Click here Larson, E. J., and L. Witham. 1997. “Scientists Are Still Keeping the Faith,” Nature, 386: 435.

Click here Bergman, G. R. 1996. “Religious Beliefs of Scientists: A Survey of the Research,” Free Inquiry, 16(3): 41–46.

Click here Leuba, J. H. 1934. “Religious Beliefs of American Scientists,” Harper’s Magazine, 169: 291–300.

Click here Bishop’s data is reported in Huba, S. 1999. “Biblical Version of Creation OK by Americans,” The Detroit News, April 6.

Click here Shermer, M. 1995. “Skeptics Society Survey,” Skeptic, 3/4: 20.

Click here The Carnegie Commission study is reported in Stark, R., and L. R. Iannaccone. 1994. “A Supply-Side Reinterpretation of the ‘Secularization’ of Europe,” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 33: 230–252.

Click here U.S. Census Bureau data is reported in Day, J. C., and A. E. Curry. 1998. “Educational Attainment in the United States: March 1998 (Update),” Current Population Reports. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Commerce.

Click here Brand, C. 1981. “Personality and Political Attitudes.” In Dimensions of Personality, (ed.) R. Lynn. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Click here Sulloway, F. 1996. Born to Rebel: Birth Order, Family Dynamics, and Creative Lives. New York: Pantheon, p. 269.

Click here U.S. Congressional data reported in Benson, P. L., and D. L. Williams. 1982. Religion on Capitol Hill: Myths and Realities. San Francisco: Harper & Row, p. 124.

Click here Wulff, D. M. 1991. Psychology of Religion: Classic and Contemporary Views. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Click here For data on the five-factor model see McCrae, R. R., and P. T. Costa, Jr. 1987. “Validation of the Five Factor Model of Personality across Instruments and Observers,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52: 81–90. See also:

McCrae, R. R., and P. T. Costa, Jr. 1990. Personality in Adulthood. New York: Guilford Press.

Click here For the relationship between openness and birth order see Sulloway, F. 1996. Born to Rebel: Birth Order, Family Dynamics, and Creative Lives. New York: Pantheon.

Click here For data on the adjectives used in the inventory see Costa, P. T., Jr., and R. R. McCrae. 1992. NEO PI–R Professional Manual: Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI–R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO–FFI). Odessa, Fla.: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.

Click here Attribution theory is discussed in Gilbert, D. T., B. W. Pelham, and D. S. Krull. 1988. “On Cognitive Busyness: When Person Perceivers Meet Persons Perceived,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54: 733–739.

Click here Tavris, C., and C. Wade. 1997. Psychology in Perspective, 2nd ed. New York: Longman/Addison Wesley, p. 332. See also:

Nisbett, R. E., and L. Ross. 1980. Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgment. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.

Click here Gallup poll data reported in Witham, L. 1997. “Many Scientists See God’s Hand in Evolution,” The Washington Times, April 11: A8.

Click here Levy, D. 1998. “Four Simple Facts Behind the Miracle of Life,” Parade Magazine, June 21: 12.

Click here Gibbon, E. 1952 (1781). The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Great Books of the Western World.

CHAPTER 5: O Ye of Little Faith: Proofs of God and What They Tell Us