Jihad vs. McWorld - Benjamin R. Barber [206]
7. Norman Birnbaum, “How New Is the New Germany?” Part I, Salmagundi, Nos. 88-89, Fall 1990/Winter 1991, pp. 234-263; Part II, Salmagundi, Nos. 90-9i, Spring/Summer 1991, pp. 131-178, 292-296.
8. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, “To Tame Savage Capitalism,” The New York Times, November 28, 1993, p. E 11.
9. Andrew Schmookler refuses this concession in his well-documented study The Illusion of Choice: How the Market Economy Shapes Our Destiny (Albany, N.Y.: State University of N.Y. Press, 1993). But laissez-faire economists appear to have learned nothing from the twenties and thirties.
10. Through the voucher movement, Americans have become familiar with the privatization of education. Fewer know that nearly 2 percent of our prison population has been turned over to private companies in the thirteen states that have surrendered their sovereign power of punishment to private vendors like the Corrections Corporation of America; or that there are currently more private security guards in America than public police. See Anthony Ramirez, “Privatizing America’s Prisons,” The New York Times, August 14, 1994, p. K 1.
11. Milton and Rose Friedman, Free to Choose (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1980).
12. Jeffrey Sachs, Poland’s Jump to the Market Economy (Cambridge, Mass.: the M.I.T. Press, 1993), pp. 4–5 and p. 57. Although he has been relieved of his duties (or relieved himself of his duties, as he insists) in Russia, Sachs continues to be a market guru to other transitional nations. For a critique from the left, see Jon Wiener, “The Sachs Plan in Poland,” The Nation, June 25, 1990, p. 877.
13. Robert Kuttner, The End of Laissez-Faire: National Purpose and the Global Economy after the Cold War (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991), p. 18. Kuttner notices, of course, that “oddly enough, for a decade the U.S. has preached an ever more devout adherence to laissez-faire while practicing a perverse, unacknowledged Keynesianism”—namely its bankrupting support of the dollar as the international medium of exchange, its economy-overheating defense spending, and Reagan’s deficit-enlarging tax cuts (p. 18).
14. The Economist, March 13, 1993, p. 21.
15. See Bruce Rich, Mortgaging the Earth: The World Bank, Environmental Impoverishment and the Crisis of Development (Boston: Beacon Press, 1994); also Andrew Cohen’s review essay “Potemkin Environmentalism,” The Nation, July 18, 1994, pp. 101–103. On its fiftieth birthday, the World Bank (aka, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) is vowing to do better on environmentalism at least. In its 1994 statement “Embracing the Future,” it claims to be as interested in human development programs and the environment as in pure economic development and markets. See Thomas L. Friedman, “World Bank at 50, Vows to Do Better,” The New York Times, July 24, 1994, p. A 4.
16. Kuttner, End of Laissez-Faire, p.24.
17. Thomas L. Friedman, “When Money Talks,” The New York Times, July 24, 1994, p. E 3.
18. Advertisement for “The Czech Republic,” The New York Times, January 7, 1994, p. 6.
19. Holmes, “Drawing Board.”
20. Walter B. Wriston, Twilight of Sovereignty (New York: Scribner’s, 1992), p. 12.
21. Friedman, “When Money Talks.”
22. It may be worthwhile citing in full Jeffrey Sachs’s prescription for economic reform in Poland (which appeared as the “Balcerowicz Plan” in honor of Leszek Balcerowicz, Poland’s Deputy Prime Minister for the economy in the government Sachs advised). The five “main pillars” of his reform were, first, macroeconomic stabilization aimed at cutting the rate of credit expansion by tightening of domestic credit via monetary and fiscal measures; second, liberalization including the end of all central planning, price controls, and regulation of international trade; third, privatization with the transfer of ownership of state assets to the private sector; fourth, the construction of a social safety net including