Living My Life - Emma Goldman [314]
5 Blackwell’s Island Penitentiary: Today called Roosevelt Island, this 128-care, two-mile-long island east of Manhattan was home to a granite prison four stories high, built in 1832. Originally designed to accomodate 800 cells, but usually overcrowded, Blackwell’s was closed by reform mayor LaGuardia in 1934. All inmates were moved to the new Rikers Island.
CHAPTER XII
1 Johann Most had been imprisoned earlier in Blackwell’s Island and had described the penitentiary to EG as the “Spanish Inquisition transferred to the United States” (see LML, 1970, 63).
CHAPTER XIII
1 Thalia Theatre: Located in the Bowery district near Canal Street, it was a popular site for Yiddish theatrical productions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
2 Santa Caserio (1873-1894): Italian anarchist and assassin of Sadi Carnot, president of France, June 24, 1894.
3 Man kann nicht ungestraft unter Palmen wandeln: The literal translation of the proverb is, “One cannot walk under palm trees unpunished.” More conventionally, the proverb implies, “You must pay for your sins,” the image evoked by palm trees suggesting pleasure.
4 John Swinton (1829-1901): Scots-born New York journalist and Civil War correspondent, he achieved a national reputation as an editor for the New York Times.
5 Albert Parsons (1848-1887): one of the Haymarket martyrs, brought to the forefront of the labor movement in Chicago after railroad workers joined a mass strike for better wages and improved working conditions.
6 Dyer D. Lum (1839-1893): American anarchist-syndicalist, intellectual, and publisher. An advocate of violence, he called dynamite “the resource of civilization.” Later he repudiated violence and published treatises defending conservative trade unionism (1892), for many years influencing the philosophy of the American Federation of Labor (AFL).
CHAPTER XIV
1 Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900): German iconoclastic philosopher whose anti-Christian writings and idealization of individual creativity and power were widely influential among artists and intellectuals in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
2 Sigmund Freud (1856-1939): Viennese Jewish medical doctor and founder of the school of psychoanalysis; architect of the theory of personality in which infantile and early-childhood sexual experiences undergo repression in the formation of consciousness, shaping behavior in adult life.
CHAPTER XV
1 William Jennings Bryan (1860-1925): American political leader and reformer. In 1896 Bryan proposed unlimited coinage of silver as a remedy to the economic ills afflicting farmers and industrial workers.
2 George Schilling: Goldman describes him as a “well-known Chicago comrade,” “an ardent follower of Benjamin Tucker, the leader of the individualist school of anarchism” (LML, 1970, 179).
3 John McLuckie (1852-?): miner and steelworker, elected mayor of Homestead, where he established a virtual workers’ government during the clash with Carnegie Steel. McLuckie had met with EG to ask her support for the free-silver campaign. He shared with her the widespread belief among the Homestead workers that Berkman was a company agent who had shot Frick to enlist sympathy for him. Learning that Berkman was still in prison, McLuckie apologized to Goldman and offered to help in the appeals to release him (see LML, 1970, 180-81).
4 James G. Huneker (1860-1921): an essayist and literary critic.
CHAPTER XVII
1 Moses Harman (1830-1910): American anarchist and publisher, exponent of free love, women’s rights, and birth control.
2 Eugene Victor Debs (1855-1926): American socialist, labor leader, five-time presidential candidate. Debs was active in the formation of the Social Democratic Party, later the Socialist Party of America.
3 Max Baginski (1864-1943): German American anarchist and editor, publisher of the journal Die Sturmglocken in 1896. He met EG in Philadelphia in 1893; they became lovers in 1898.
4 Anthony Comstock (1844-1915): American