Malcolm X_ A Life of Reinvention - Manning Marable [347]
228 “the white man. We must solve it for ourselves.” Ibid.; Robin D. G. Kelley and Betsy Esch, “Black Like Mao: Red China and Black Revolution,” Souls, vol. 1, no. 4 (Fall 1999), pp. 6-41.
228 while selling Muhammad Speaks in Times Square. DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 185; and “Jail Term,” Militant (New York), February 4, 1963.
228 to court, but he could not condone cowardice. FBI—Gravitt, Summary Report, New York Office, January 27, 1964.
228 suppression of press freedom, and “the freedom of religious expression.” Telegram, Malcolm X to Mayor Robert Wagner, New York City, January 2, 1963, MXC-S, box 5, folder 18.
228 he told the press, before filing formal complaints. “Muslims Protest Rights Violation by Police,” Chicago Defender, January 10, 1963; “Rights Violated,” Democrat and Chronicle (Rochester, NY), January 8, 1963; “Muslim Assails,” Democrat and Chronicle, February 15, 1963; and DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 185.
228 “that the whole Dark World is with them.ʺ DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 185.
228 “tired of hearing about Muslims being pistol-whipped.” FBI—Gravitt, Summary Report, New York Office, January 27, 1964.
229 newspaper salesmen were sentenced to sixty days in jail. See Muhammad Speaks, February 4, 1963; and Militant, February 4, 1963.
229 “for a wind to come along and fan the breeze.” Malcolm X address, “Twenty Million Black People in a Political, Economic and Mental Prison,” in Bruce Perry, ed., Malcolm X: The Last Speeches (New York: Pathfinder, 1989), pp. 25-57.
229 “or accomplishment that black people want.” Ibid.
229 “They usually go and use the economic weapon.” Ibid. Also see “Muslim Leader Asks Negro Nation in U.S.,ʺ Chicago Defender, January 26, 1963.
230 “if the Negro could ‘speak as an American.’” “Meredith, Gantt Entries ‘Hypocritical’: Malcolm X,ʺ Chicago Defender, January 31, 1963.
230 plan for a separate black state inside the United States. MX FBI, Memo, New York Office, May 6, 1963.
230 his responsibility. No one was arrested. DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 185; and MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, May 16, 1963, p. 19.
231 for their bail had been forwarded by Elijah Muhammad. MX FBI, Summary, New York Office, May 16, 1963, pp. 18-20.
231 hundreds of protesters down affluent midtown Manhattan streets. Ibid.
231 “denied the leadership if he wants it.” Alfred Balk and Alex Haley, “Black Merchants of Hate,” Saturday Evening Post, vol. 236 (January 26, 1963), pp. 67-74.
232 but the crowd still buzzed with whispers of impropriety. Natambu, Malcolm X, p. 263.
232 had a “very nasty attitude.” “Negroes: Death, Lost Sheep,” February 13, 1964, MXC-S, box 9, folder 1.
232 find a way around the family’s demands. Branch, Pillar of Fire, p. 17.
233 “attempts to advise and tell the family what to do.” MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, May 16, 1963, p. 21.
233 Muhammad’s sexual misconduct in the mid-1950s. Malcolm X and Haley, Autobiography, p. 301.
233 “he was tearing me apart behind my back.” Ibid., p. 303.
233 “You are a married man!” Marable, Living Black History, p. 172.
233 Malcolm “would really hurt Betty.” Louis Farrakhan interview, December 27, 2007.
234 in early April flew to Phoenix to learn his future. Malcolm X and Haley, Autobiography, pp. 303-4.
Chapter 9: “He Was Developing Too Fast”
235 “than the positive fact of David’s killing Goliath.” Malcolm X and Haley, Autobiography, p. 304.
235 “man’s wife, I’m that David,” he told Malcolm. Ibid., p. 305.
235 his goal was to “inoculate” the Nation’s rank and file. Ibid. Also see Goldman, The Death and Life of Malcolm X, pp. 113-14; Clegg, An Original Man, pp. 188, 191-92; and DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 191.
236 ease the news of Muhammad’s transgressions. MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, November 15, 1963, pp. 6, 9.
236 Elijah Muhammad, but was reluctant to bring it up with him. James 67X Warden interview, June 18, 2003.