Piracy_ The Intellectual Property Wars from Gutenberg to Gates - Adrian Johns [349]
12 "Video Bootleggers," New York Times, October 23, 1982, 41.
13 Gatzimos, "Unauthorized Duplication," 416-17.
14 R. R. Wile, "Record Piracy," ARSC journal 17:1 (1985), 18-4o, esp. 27-30.
15 http://www.directvcom/DTVAPP/aboutus/mediacenter/NewsDetails. jsp?id=o624_2oo2A.There are countless accounts of Black Sunday accessible online. The "game over" line comes from the account at http:// slashdot.org/articles/oi/ol/25/1343218.shtml.
16 For technological copyright enforcement technologies in the digital era, see T. Gillespie, Wired Shut: Copyright and the Shape ofDigital Culture (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2007), esp. 137-91 on SDMI and its offshoots.
17 The potential impact was dramatically demonstrated in 2000, when Dmitri Sklyarov, a Russian graduate student, was briefly held in the United States for promulgating a program capable of penetrating copyprotection software in Adobe's e-books. Sklyarov immediately became the focus of large public demonstrations in several U.S. cities; he was released, and in the end the prosecution lost its case against his employer. Full documentation is online at http://www.eff.org/IP/DMCA/US-v- Elcomsoft/. For open-source biotech, see J. Hope, Biobazaar: The Open Source Revolution and Biotechnology (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2008).
18 J.A. Halderman and E. W. Felten, "Lessons from the Sony CD DRM episode" (2oo6), at http://itpolicy.princeton.edu/pub/sonydrm-ext.pdf; see also the discussion by Finnish hacker Matti Nikki: http://hack.fi/ -muzzy/sony-drm/.
19 The report on these practices by the Center for Food Safety (http://www. centerforfoodsafety.org/pubs/CFSMOnsantovsFarmerReporti.13. o5.pdf, 2006/06/23), interested as it undoubtedly is, provides plentiful empirical citations and buttressing for its claims.
20 Y. Benkler, The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, zoo 6).
21 For a provocative general statement, see M. Heller, The Gridlock Economy: How Too Much Ownership Wrecks Marken, Stops Innovation, and Costs Lives (New York: Basic Books, 20o8), 49-78.
22 J. Willinsky, The Access Principle: The Case for Open Access to Research and Scholarship (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2005).
23 J.-N. Jeanneney, Google and the Myth of Universal Knowledge (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007).
24 TheAuthors Guild, Inc., etal. v. Google Inc., Case No. o5 CV 8136 (S.D.N.Y.).
25 For examples of the consequences of neglecting editorial intervention in digitizing books, see P. Duguid, "Limits of Self-Organization: Peer Production and `Laws of Quality,"' First Monday ii (2oo6): http:// firstmonday. org/issues/issue i i_i o /duguid/index.html.
26 C. Snyder, "Google Settles Book Scan Lawsuit, Everybody Wins," http:// blog.wired.com/business/zoo8/io/Bogle-settles.html.
27 L. G. Mirviss, "Harvard-Google Online Book Deal at Risk," Harvard Crimson, October 30, 2oo8; R. Darnton, "The Library in the NewAge," New YorkReview ofBooks 55, no. io (June 12, zoo8).
28 M. Helft and M. Rich, "Google Strikes Deal to Allow Book Scans," New York Times, October 29, 2008, Bi, B8.
29 "The Fate of Disciplines," Critical Inquiry, special issue, 35, no. 4 (Summer 2009);T.S.Kuhn, TheStructureof Scientific Revolutions 3rd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996 [19621), 66-91.
Page numbers followed by the letter f refer to figures.
Table of Contents
A General History of the Pirates
2 The Invention of Piracy
3 The Piratical Enlightenment
4 Experimenting with Print
5 Pharmaceutical Piracy and the Origins of Medical Patenting
6 6 Of Epics and Orreries io9
7 The Land without Property
8 Making a Nation
9 The Printing Counterrevolution
io Inventors, Schemers, and Men of Science
11 International Copyright and the Science of Civilization
12 The First Pirate Hunters
13 The Great Oscillation War
14 Intellectual Property