Piracy_ The Intellectual Property Wars from Gutenberg to Gates - Adrian Johns [348]
31 Phrack i, no. 7 (September 25, 1986), 3; Sterling, Hacker Crackdown, 67, 73-77, 83, 85-87.
32 Sterling, Hacker Crackdown, 63-67, 88-95; http://www26oo.com/. Old issues of many of these organs, including Phrack and the Legion ofDoom Technical Journal, are sometimes accessible at http://wwwtextfiles.com/ magazines/.
33 Sterling, Hacker Crackdown, 55-57, ioo-ioi; Turner, From Counterculture to Cyberculture, 167.
34 "Is Computer Hacking a Crime?" Harpers Monthly 280, no. 1678 (March 1990): 45-57; Rheingold, Virtual Community, 44; Turner, From Counterculture to Cyberculture, 167-70-
35 "Is Computer Hacking a Crime," 53. For Barlow's Declaration, see P. Ludlow, ed., CryptoAnarchy, Cyberstates, andPirate Utopias (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2001), 27-30.
36 S. Weber, The Success of Open Source (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2004), 47,114; R. M. Stallman, Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays (Boston: GNU Press, 2002), 16.
37 http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/halloween/index.html.
38 At the time of writing, however, rumors are flying that Microsoft may be trying the strategy again with its Silverlight program, this time targeting Adobe's Flash standard for online video. The importance of uniform standards for science and technology has been a leitmotif of much recent work: see, for example, B. Marsden and C. Smith, EngineeringEmpires: A Cultural History of Technology in Nineteenth-Century Britain (New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2005).
39 S. Shapin, A Social History of Truth: Civility and Science in SeventeenthCentury England (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 410, 415-16.
17 PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE
I D. Defoe, An essay on the regulation of thepress (London: n.p., 1704),19-21.
2 See especially A. C. Mertha, The Politics ofPiracy: Intellectual Property in Contemporary China (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2005), 35-76.
3 B. Norris, "Video Report, Sight and Sound 52 (1983): io6-8; R. Murphy, "Off the Back of a Van," Sight and ,Sound 54 (1985):78;V C. Gatzimos, "Unauthorized Duplication of Sound Recordings: Transnational Problem in Search of a Solution," Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 14 (1981): 399-443, esp. 419-20.
4 See the record of a recent Interpol congress, at http://www.interpol.org/ Public/FinancialCrime/IntellectualProperty/Meeting/ 2ndGlobalCongress2005III4/Default.asp (June 23, 2006).
5 The "Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights Act of zoo8": http:// www.opencongress.org/bill/iio-s3325/show.
6 J. Harrington, Oceana, ed. J. G. A. Pocock (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992 [orig. 16561);J. Scott, Commonwealth Principles: Republican Writing of the English Revolution (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), 164-65.
7 C. B. Herrup, The Common Peace: Participation and the Criminal Law in Seventeenth-Century England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 59-61, 69-70; A. Johns, The Nature of the Book: Print and Knowledge in the Making (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998), 187-265; S. Hindle, The State and Social Change in Early Modern England, c. 155o-1640 (New York: Palgrave, zooo), e.g., 27.
8 On the interrelation of literary property and the regulation of the press in this period, see L. Maruca, The Work ofPrint•Authorship and the English Text Trades, r66o-1760 (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2007), J. Greene, The Trouble with Ownership: Literary Property andAuthorial Liability in England, r66o-_i13o (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005), andJ. Loewenstein, The Authors Due: Printing and the Prehistory of Copyright (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002).
9 [A. Donaldson], Some thoughts on the state of literary property (London: printed forA. Donaldson, 1764),11-17-
10 [Donaldson], Some thoughts on the state of literary property, 3-4, 7-19, 24.
11 J. F. Reigart, Life ofRobertFulton (Philadelphia: C. G. Henderson,