Putting Food By - Janet Greene [9]
To get ½ teaspoon (usually “a pinch”), divide 4.929 by 8 = 0.6161 mL.
Now work forward for cups, etc.:
One fluid ounce (fl oz) = 29.574 mL.
To get ¼ cup (2 fl oz), multiply 29.574 by 2 = 59.148 mL.
To get ⅓ cup (2⅔ fl oz), multiply 29.574 by 2.67 = 78.96 mL.
To get ½ cup (4 fl oz), multiply by 4 = 118.30 mL.
To get ⅔ cup (5⅓ fl oz), multiply 29.574 by 5.33 = 157.74 mL.
To get ¾ cup (6 fl oz), multiply 29.574 by 6 = 177.44 mL.
To get 1 cup (8 fl oz) multiply 29.574 by 8 = 236.59 mL.
To get 1 pint (2 cups, 16 fl oz), multiply 29.574 by 16 = 473.18 mL.
To get 1 quart (4 cups, 32 fl oz), multiply 29.574 by 32 = 936.36 mL.
To get 1 gallon (4 quarts, 128 fl oz), multiply 29.574 by 128 = 3785.47 mL.
Now Rounded Off
When America goes convincingly metric, our measuring cups and spoons will be much closer to the real figures we have just made. With the correlations possible with our current utensils, though, we round them as best we can: 10 or so milliliters when we’re dealing with cupfuls in the kitchen is not a killing matter.
⅛teaspoon = 0.62 mL
¼ teaspoon = 1.25 mL
½ teaspoon = 2.5 mL
¾ teaspoon = 3.75 mL
1 teaspoon = 5 mL
1¼ teaspoons = 6.25 mL
1½ teaspoons = 7.5 mL
1¾ teaspoons = 8.75 mL
2 teaspoons = 10 mL
2½ teaspoons = 12.5 mL
3 teaspoons = ½ fl oz = 15 mL
1 tablespoon = ½ fl oz = 15 mL
2 tablespoons = 1 fl oz = 30 mL
½ cup = 1 fl oz = 30 mL
¼ cup = 2 fl oz = 60 mL
⅓cup = 2⅓ fl oz = 80 mL
½ cup = 4 fl oz = 125 mL
¾ cup = 6 fl oz = 200 mL
1 cup = 8 fl oz = 250 mL
2 cups = 16 fl oz = 500 mL
1 (U.S.) pint = 16 fl oz = 500 mL
1 quart = 32 fl oz = 1000 mL/1 liter (L)
4 quarts = 128 fl oz = 4 L
1 gallon = 128 fl oz = 4 L
(1 deciliter = 0.10 L)
(1 decaliter = 10 L)
Metric Conversions for Weight
If you know ounces avoirdupois (oz av), you can find grams (g) by multiplying by 28.35.
If you know pounds (lb: 16 oz av), you can find kilograms (kg: 1000 g) by multiplying by 0.4536.
If you know grams, you can find ounces avoirdupois by multiplying by 0.0353 (1 divided by 0.4536 = 0.0353: some find it easier to set up a multiplication than a division).
If you know kilograms (kg), you can find pounds by multiplying by 2.205 (1 divided by 0.4536 = 2.20458 = 2.205).
Many spring-type scales and most digital scales manufactured today provide both avoirdupois and metric readings. However, for the benefit of those whose scales give avoirdupois readings only, we show in italics rounded-off metric equivalents that are acceptable for ordinary household uses.
1 oz ( lb) = 28 g
2 oz (⅛ lb) = 57 g
4 oz (¼ lb) = 113 g
8 oz (½ lb) = 227 g
12 oz (¾ lb) = 340 g
16 oz (1 lb) = 454 g/0.454 kg
2 lbs = 0.91 kg
5 lbs = 2.27 kg
10 lbs = 4.54 kg
15 lbs = 6.80 kg
20 lbs = 9.07 kg
25 lbs = 11.34 kg
Metric Conversions for Length
Automobile mechanics and machinists are luckier than homebodies when it comes to metrics, because so much of their equipment has meticulous conversions that allow workers to deal with the measurements of foreign supplies and specifications.
If you know inches (in.), you can find centimeters (cm: 1/100 meter) by multiplying by 2.54. (PFB doesn’t deal with millimeters—mm: 1/1000 meter—but if you know inches, you can find millimeters by multiplying by 25.40).
If you know centimeters, you can find inches by multiplying by 0.3937 (1 divided by 2.54 = 0.3937).
If you know millimeters, you can find inches by multiplying by 0.0394 (1 divided by 25.40 = 0.03937).
Because the usual U.S. householder’s measuring equipment is not precise enough to reflect the mathematical computations for the amounts below, we show in italics a rounded-off figure that offers, as best it can for the time being, a reasonable equivalent for everyday use.
Now Rounded Off
⅛ in. = 0.31 cm
¼ in. = 0.63 cm
½ in. = 1.25 cm
¾ in.= 1.90 cm
1 in. = 2.50 cm
1½ in. = 3.75 cm
2 in. = 5.1 cm
3 in. = 7.5 cm
4 in. = 10 cm
6 in. = 15 cm
8 in. = 20 cm
12 in. = 30 cm
4
Fair Warning
With the older editions of PFB, and their successive printings, has come a permanent