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Poznan strike of 1956, 72–74, 124

Pravda, 21, 15–16, 111, 136, 194, 196, 201, 206, 216, 246

Presidium, Supreme Soviet (later Politburo), 18, 22

coup attempt of 1957 and, 109–12

fall of Khrushchev and, 272

R-7 and satellite program and, 26–31, 33–36, 39–44, 64–65, 71–72, 149

secret speech on Stalin and, 30–33, 42, 62–63

uprisings of 1956 and, 62–63, 75

Zhukov ouster and, 192, 195

Procter & Gamble, 164

“Proposal for a National Integrated Missile and Space Vehicle Development Program” (von Braun), 249

PS-1 satellite. See Sputnik I

PS-2 satellite. See Sputnik II

Pushkin, Aleksandr, 245

Quarles, Donald, 53–54, 82, 119, 132, 134, 162, 165, 178, 180, 185, 219, 225–26, 244–45, 247, 276

Quistorp, Baroness Emmy von, 87

R-l missile, 29, 71, 98

R-2 missile, 29–30, 34, 98, 209

R-5 missile, 34–35, 40, 69, 98

R-7 missile

doubts about, after Sputnik II, 245–47

early problems with, 64–74, 95–103

failure of, as ICBM, 269–71

first manned flight of, 268

first successful tests of, 113–14, 128–29

fueling problems of, 154–55, 205

Khrushchev and, post-Sputnik, 191, 204–6, 271

Korolev shows, to Presidium, 39–42, 44

Korolev’s legacy and, 274

lift power of, 167–68

satellite program and, 135–36, 142–44, 148

Sputnik successfully launched with, 150, 153–59, 176

U.S. surveillance of, 129, 131–32

R-11 missile (Scud), 274

R-12 missile, 101, 205

R-16 missile, 205, 246, 271

Rabb, Maxwell, 171

Rabi, I. I., 135

radar, 124, 126, 129

Radford, Arthur, 24

radiation belts, 246, 255

Radio Cairo, 199

Radio Free Europe, 74

Radio magazine, 136

Radio Moscow, 92

Rákosi, Mátyás, 75

Ramm, Heinrich, 87

Ramo-Woolridge Corp., 80

Randall, Clarence, 171

RAND Corp, 132, 136

RB-29 military planes, 126

RB-47 military planes, 25, 126

Reaction Propulsion Institute (RNII), USSR, 108–9

Reagan, Ronald, 91

Rebrov, Mikhail, 151

Red Army, 14–15, 38, 98, 101, 147, 189–92, 247

Redstone missile, 47–48, 51–52, 79, 89–90, 92, 163, 178, 226, 254, 261

Reedy, George, 182–83, 213, 230, 251

Reisig, Gerhard, 87

Reporter, 173

Republican Party, 23–24, 53–56, 78–79, 137, 171, 182, 183, 214

Reston, James, 204

Riedel, Walther, 85

Roberts, Chalmers, 221

Rockefeller, Nelson A, 93

Rocket and Satellite Research Panel, 223

rockets. See missiles and rockets; and specific types

Rokossovsky, Konstantin, 73

Romania, 63

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 217

Rosen, Milt, 227

Rudnev, Konstantin, 100, 103, 153–54

Rudolf, Arthur, 277

Russell, Richard, 174–76, 183, 214–15

Russian Space Corporation Energya, 278

Ryabikov, Vasiliy, 102, 152–53

SA-2 surface-to-air missile, 131

Saltonstall, Leverett, 214

Samford, John, 58–59

satellites. See also specific satellites

ABMA prepares, 186–87, 219, 247–50, 253–56

Eisenhower and U.S. response to Sputnik and, 179–87, 224

Eisenhower delays U.S. program in, 93–94

first U.S., designed and launched, 255–56, 258–67, 276–77

IGY and, 92–93

Korolev and drive to launch, 102, 146

Medaris and army role in, 162–63, 165–68

potential of, not understood, 44

proliferation of, in modern life, 278

sovereign airspace and, 134–35

Soviet decision to concentrate on, 42–44, 114, 142–50

Soviet dog in space and, 213–18

Soviet problems with development of, 65, 72

spy, 132–34, 185, 249–51, 270–71

Sputnik launch announced, 165–68

U.S. spending on, 92

U.S. vs. USSR and, 133–36, 218

Vanguard failure and U.S., 224–28, 238–43, 258–60

Saturn rocket, 273, 277

Schriever, Bernard, 249–50

Scud missile, 274

Second Provisional Weather Squadron, 120

Sedov, Leonid, 202–3

Serbin, Ivan “the Terrible,” 101

Sergeant rockets, 254–55, 261–62, 265

Serov, Ivan, 111, 112

Sevareid, Eric, 172–73, 196, 222

Shabarov, Evgeny, 212

Sharaga prison institutes, 67

Shepilov, Dimitri, 111, 149

Shishkin, Oleg, 144

Siberia

agriculture and, 38, 272

gulags, 31–34, 66–67

Siddiqi, Asif A., 200

Siemens plant, 7–8

Sikorsky, Igor, 107

SK-4 (Korolev cub plane), 107

Smith, Gene, 140

Smith, Merriman, 179

Smith, Walter Bedell, 118

“Southern Manifesto,