Rome's Gothic Wars_ From the Third Century to Alaric - Michael Kulikowski [102]
Gallienus
emperor 253–268, his reign is generally portrayed as a long catalogue of disasters, among them devastating Gothic raids in the eastern provinces.
Gallus
caesar of Constantius Ⅱ 351–354 and elder brother of Julian, he was executed by Constantius in 354.
Gildo
north African aristocrat given a sweeping command as comes Africae by Theodosius in order to secure his loyalty during the usurpation of Magnus Maximus. In 398, he switched allegiance from Rome to Constantinople, but was suppressed by Stilicho and executed.
Gouththikas
Gothic priest with whom the martyr Saba intended to spend Easter 372.
Gratian
emperor 367–383. The son of Valentinian Ⅰ, who became the ruler of the western empire after his father’s death in 375. He acquiesced in the proclamation of Theodosius in 379 rather than exacerbate the crisis in the East after Adrianople, but was overthrown and killed in the usurpation of Magnus Maximus in 383.
Guntheric
Gothic king in 249, he invaded the eastern provinces in company of Argaith.
Gunthigis (Baza)
barbarian general in imperial service to whom the sixth-century author Jordanes served as secretary.
Hadrian
emperor 117–138 under whom the expansion of the Roman empire ceased.
Heraclian
comes Africae 408–413 who refused to recognize the regime of Priscus Attalus in 409 and cut off the grain supply of Rome.
Honorius
emperor 393–423. Youngest son of Theodosius, nominally the western emperor after his father’s death in 395, but in reality controlled by Stilicho, whose daughters Maria and Thermantia he married in succession. After falling out with Stilicho in 408 and sanctioning his murder, his government could not control Alaric, while the many usurpations between 407 and 413 were only suppressed by Constantius Ⅲ.
Ingenuus
usurper against Gallienus in 260.
Jordanes
see Glossary of Ancient Sources
Jovian
emperor 363–364. He was elected by the officers of Julian’s field army to extract them from Persian territory after Julian’s death, but did so by means of unpopular concessions to the Persians, dying after less than a year on the throne.
Jovius
praetorian prefect of Italy and rival of Olympius at the court of Honorius after the death of Stilicho, he attempted to negotiate a treaty with Alaric in 409.
Julian
emperor 361–363. Nephew of Constantine and by 354 last surviving male relative of Constantius Ⅱ, who made him caesar in 355. After becoming sole emperor in 361, he attempted to de-Christianize the empire, but failed to do so because he died prematurely on campaign in Persia.
Julius
magister militum of the East at the time of Adrianople, he stopped the Gothic revolt from spreading into Asia by instigating a massacre of Goths in the eastern provinces.
Junius Soranus
dux Scythiae in 373 who ordered the collection of the relics of the Gothic martyr Saba and sent them to his native province of Cappadocia.
Justina
second wife of Valentinian Ⅰ and mother of Valentinian Ⅱ.
Justinian
emperor 527–565 who reconquered territories in the Latin West that had once been imperial provinces but which had been barbarian kingdoms for many decades.
Licinius
emperor 308–324, rival of Constantine for control of the whole empire after the civil wars of 306–313.
Lupicinus
comes rei militaris in Thrace in 376 and with Maximus one of two officials primarily responsible for managing the Gothic crossing of the Danube. He organized the banquet at Marcianople which sparked off the Gothic rebellion of 377.
Magnentius
usurper 350–353, he overthrew Constans in 350, but was defeated by Constantius Ⅱ in 353 in a civil war that badly weakened the Rhine frontier.
Magnus Maximus
usurper 383–388, he overthrew Gratian and was briefly tolerated by Theodosius, until his invasion of Italy forced Valentinian Ⅱ to flee to the East and provoked civil war with Theodosius.