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technology” sows discord. Science 1998;282:850–851. Steinbrecher RA, Mooney PR. Terminator technology: the threat to world food security. Ecologist 1998;28(5):276–279. National Campaign for Sustainable Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture is at it again!! Agency continues to fund terminator technology (leaflet). Pine Bush, NY, August 23, 1999.

24. Food gains for the world’s poor are being threatened by furor over genetically modified (GM) foods (press release). New York: Rockefeller Foundation, June 24, 1999, at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb5243/is_199906/ai_n20192882.

25. Vidal J. How Monsanto’s mind was changed. Guardian (London), October 9, 1999, at www.biotech-info.net/mind_change.html.

26. Feder BJ. Monsanto says it won’t market infertile seeds. NYT, October 5, 1999:A1,C2.

27. Feder BJ. Plant sterility research inflames debate on biotechnology’s role in farming, NYT, April 19, 1999:A18.

28. Barboza D. After deal of 2 giants, shares plunge. NYT, December 21, 1999:C1,C9. Kaiser J. USDA to commercialize “terminator” technology. Science 2000;289:709–710.

29. USDA/Agricultural Marketing Service. National organic program: proposed rule. FR 62:65849–65967, December 16, 1997. The rules for organic foods went into effect October 21, 2002.

30. Burros M. U.S. proposal on organic food gets a grass-roots review. NYT, March 15, 1998:F10. Fox JL. USDA appeases organic lobby. Nature Biotechnology 1999;17:217. Revised organic proposed rule drops GMOs, antibiotics, sewage, irradiation. Food Regulation Weekly, March 13, 2000:8–9.

31. Pear R. Tougher labeling for organic food: products of gene engineering cannot carry designation. NYT, May 9, 1998:A1,A6.

32. Pollack A. Unapproved canola seed may be on farms, makers say. NYT, April 16, 2002: C4. Rieger MA, Lamond M, Preston C, et al. Pollen-mediated movement of herbicide resistance between commercial canola fields. Science 2002:296:2386–2388. Carroll J. Gene-altered canola can spread to nearby fields, risking lawsuits. WSJ, June 28, 2002:B6.

33. Villar JL. GMO Contamination around the World. Amsterdam: Friends of the Earth International, October 2001, 2nd ed, August 2002. Quote: p. 9, at http://stopogm.net/files/GMOContaminationaroundtheworld.pdf. Also see: Barboza D. As biotech crops multiply, consumers get little choice. NYT, June 10, 2001:A1,A28.

34. Nigh R, Benbrook C, Brush S, et al. Transgenic crops: a cautionary tale (letters). Science 2000;287:1927–1928. Ross J. Tinkering with the tortilla: genetic engineering threatens Mexico’s corn culture. Sierra, September/October 2001:20–21.

35. Quist D, Chapela IH. Transgenic DNA introgressed into traditional maize landraces in Oaxaca, Mexico. Nature 2001;414:541–543. Manning A. Gene-altered DNA may be “polluting” corn: cross-pollination is found in native varieties in Mexico. USA Today, November 29, 2001:15D.

36. Suspect evidence of transgenic contamination (letters), and editorial note. Nature 2002;416:600–601.

37. Yoon CK. Journal raises doubts on biotech study. NYT, April 5, 2002:A21. Chapela’s tenure was approved by his department, then denied, appealed, and eventually granted. See Nature doi:10.1038/435390b, May 25, 2005. Monbiot G. The fake persuaders. Guardian (London), May 14, 2002, at www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2002/may/14/greenpolitics.digitalmedia. Worthy K, Strohman RC, Billings PR. Conflicts around a study of Mexican crops (letter). Nature 2002;417:897.

38. Mann CC. Has GM corn “invaded” Mexico? Science 2002;295:1617–1619.

39. Christensen E. Food fight: how GATT undermines food-safety regulations. Multinational Monitor, November 1990:12–14. Ritchie M. Trading away the family farm: GATT and agriculture (November 1990:26–28). Aaronson SA. Taking Trade to the Streets: The Lost History of Public Efforts to Shape Globalization. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 2001:142–173. Also see: The World Trade Organization. Online: www.wto.org.

40. Brunner J. What’s on WTO’s plate regarding agriculture. Seattle Times, November 30, 1999:A23. The quotation is attributed to U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine