Schaum's Outline of Latin Grammar - Alan Fishbone [22]
CHAPTER 4 The Verb
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Perfect Indicative Passive
This tense uses the present indicative of sum with the perfect passive participle: ductus, -a, -um sum
I was led, I have been led
ductus, -a, -um es
you were led, you have been led
ductus, -a, -um est
he, she, it was led=has been led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a sumus
we were led, we have been led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a estis
you (pl.) were led, you (pl.) have been
led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a sunt
they were led, they have been led
Pluperfect Indicative Passive
This tense uses the imperfect indicative of sum with the perfect passive participle: ductus, -a, -um eram
I had been led
ductus, -a, -um eraÅs
you had been led
ductus, -a, -um erat
he, she, it had been led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a eraÅmus
we had been led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a eraÅtis
you (pl.) had been led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a erant
they had been led
Future Perfect Indicative Passive
This tense uses the future indicative of sum with the perfect passive participle: ductus, -a, -um eroÅ
I will have been led
ductus, -a, -um eris
you will have been led
ductus, -a, -um erit
he, she, it will have been led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a erimus
we will have been led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a eritis
you (pl.) will have been led
ductõÅ, -ae, -a erunt
they will have been led
Perfect Subjunctive Passive
This tense uses the present subjunctive of sum with the perfect passive participle: ductus, -a, -um sim
ductus, -a, -um sõÅs
ductus, -a, -um sit
ductõÅ, -ae, -a sõÅmus
Subjunctives should not be translated in
ductõÅ, -ae, -a sõÅtis
isolation.
ductõÅ, -ae, -a sint
Note: In the passive system the future perfect indicative and perfect subjunctive do not resemble each other.
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CHAPTER 4 The Verb
Pluperfect Subjunctive Passive
This tense uses the imperfect subjunctive of sum with the perfect passive participle: ductus, -a, -um essem
ductus, -a, -um esseÅs
ductus, -a, -um esset
ductõÅ, -ae, -a esseÅmus
Subjunctives should not be translated in
ductõÅ, -ae, -a esseÅtis
isolation.
ductõÅ, -ae, -a essent
Exercises
21. Identify the following forms according to person, number, tense, voice, and mood. Do not translate. (If there is more than one possibility, give all.)
1. impleÅtum est
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2. impleÅta erat
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3. impleÅta sunt
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4. pulsus sum
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5. iussõÅ sumus
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6. audõÅta esseÅs
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7. deÅleÅta erunt
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8. deÅleÅta sint
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9. audõÅtum esset ________________________________
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10. pulsae erant
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22. Translate the following forms. Remember to acknowledge the gender of the subject.
1. impleÅtum est
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2. impleÅta erat
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3. iussõÅ sumus
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4. deÅleÅta erunt
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5. pulsae erant
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6. iactum erit
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7. captõÅ erant
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8. capta est
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CHAPTER 4 The Verb
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9. amaÅti erunt
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10. amaÅtus eram
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23. Change the following forms from active to passive, retaining person, number, tense, and mood. Do not translate.
1. ceÅperis
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2. ceÅperim
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3. deÅleÅvistis
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4. ieÅceraÅmus
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5. pepulisset
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6. impleÅvit
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7. impleÅverit
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8. impleÅverat
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9. impleÅvisseÅmus _____________
10. duÅxeÅrunt
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24. Change the following forms from passive to active,