The Chinese in America - Iris Chang [218]
123 “the result of thousands of years of beastly vices”: Stuart Creighton Miller, p. 163.
124 huge quantities of bowie knives: Otis Gibson, p. 306.
124 sixty pistols: Otis Gibson, p. 306.
124 the Chinese Six Companies issued a manifesto: Otis Gibson, p. 300.
124 severe drought: Victor Low, The Unimpressible Race, p. 40.
124 output was reduced to a third: Ibid., p. 40.
125 ten thousand unemployed men: Ibid., p. 40.
125 “Before I starve in a country like this”: Andrew Gyory, Closing the Gate, p. 115.
125 “tear the masks from off these tyrants”: Ibid., p. 113.
125 suggested exterminating the Chinese population: Betty Lee Sung, The Story of the Chinese in America, p. 43.
126 “A while ago it was the Irish”: Robert Louis Stevenson, The Amateur Emigrant (London: Chatto and Windus, 1895), p. 131, as cited in Lynn Pan, Sons of the Yellow Emperor, p. 93.
126 “running the gauntlet”: Otis Gibson, p. 50.
126 “They follow the Chinaman”: Ibid., p. 51.
126 “When I first came”: “Life History and Social Document of Andrew Kan,” Seattle, Washington, August 22, 1924, by C. H. Burnett, p. 2. Major Document 178, Box 27, Survey of Race Relations, Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford University.
126 “We were simply terrified”: Huie Kin, Reminiscences (Peiping, 1932), p. 27, as cited in Ronald Takaki, p. 115.
127 “I remember as we walked along the street”: “Life History and Social Document of Mr. J. S. Look,” August 13, 1924. Major Document 182, Box 27, Survey of Race Relations, Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford University.
127 shot to death five Chinese farm workers: Victor G. and Brett de Bary Nee, p. 22; Andrew Gyory, p. 94.
127 ten thousand agitators: Lynn Pan, p. 95.
127 “On to Chinatown!”: Andrew Gyory, p. 96.
128 “Even CHINAMEN”: Ibid., p. 98.
128 hired a Chinese man just to walk in and out of his factory: Andrew Gyory, p. 99.
128 hired white men to masquerade as Chinese: Ibid.
128 greeted with cries of “Chinamen!”: Ibid.
128 “So we will serve every Chinaman”: Ibid.
128 “Any officer, director, manager”: Victor G. and Brett de Bary Nee, p. 53. Also Cheng-Tsu Wu, ed., “Chink!” Anti-Chinese Prejudice in America (New York: World Publishing Company, 1972), pp. 14, 69. The original citation in “Chink!” is Criminal Laws and Practice of California (A. L. Bancroft and Company, 1881). The constitution also prevented the Chinese from voting: “Natives of China, along with idiots, insane persons, and persons convicted in infamous crimes or the embezzlement of public money, shall never exercise the privilege of electors in this state.”
128 mass exodus: Andrew Gyory, p. 177. Newspaper coverage of exodus includes New York Times, March 6, 1880, and St. Louis Globe Democrat, March 5, 1880.
129 former president Ulysses S. Grant: Andrew Gyory, pp. 186-87.
Chapter Nine. The Chinese Exclusion Act
130 Quotes from the debate in Congress: Can be found in Andrew Gyory, Closing the Gate, pp. 224-44.
132 “one of the most infamous and tragic statutes”: Ibid., p. 258.
132 mass anti-Chinese rally in Seattle issued a manifesto: Sucheng Chan, Asian Americans, pp. 50-51; Ruthanne Lum McCunn, Chinese American Portraits: Personal Histories 1828-1988 (San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1988), p. 48.
133 kicked down doors, dragged the occupants outside: Ruthanne Lum McCunn, p. 48; Lorraine Barker Hildebrand, Straw Halls, Sandals and Steel (Tacoma: Washington State American Revolution Bicentennial Commission, 1977), pp. 49-59.
133 two men died from exposure: Ruthanne Lum McCunn, p. 49.
133 one merchant’s wife went insane: Lorraine Barker Hildebrand, p. 50. According to Lum May’s statement about his wife, “From the excitement, the fright, the losses we sustained through the riot she lost her reason. She was hopelessly insane and attacked people with a hatchet or any other weapon if not watched ... she was perfectly sane before the riot.”
133 the secretary of war dispatched troops to Seattle: Doug Chin,