The Chinese in America - Iris Chang [227]
204 ”the looks that made China’s beauties so fascinating”: Judy Tzu-Chun Wu, ”The Loveliest Daughter: A Melting Pot of the East and the West,” Journal of Social History, Fall 1997, p. 7.
204 almost one-fifth of the city’s tourist trade: Ronald Takaki, p. 248.
204 ”Make tourists WANT to come”: Ibid., p. 249.
204 pulling rickshaws for white sightseers: Interview with Rodney H. Chow, interview #149, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project. In Los Angeles, China City opened in 1938 but burned down the following year. Later, it was rebuilt but was again destroyed by fire in 1949. Source: Asian American Studies Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Chinese Historical Society of Southern California, Linking Our Lives: Chinese American Women of Los Angeles (Los Angeles: Chinese Historical Society of Southern California, 1984), p. 16.
204 guides warned visitors to hold hands: Betty Lee Sung, p. 130.
204 ”opium-crazed”: Ronald Takaki, p. 251.
205 ”a joint stock company”: Adam McKeown, ”Chinese Migrants Among Ghosts,” p. 284.
205 Information on Forbidden City: Huping Ling, Surviving on the Gold Mountain, pp. 119-20; Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, pp. 202-3; author interviews with Chinatown residents.
205 suggested having naked girls jump out of a cake: Gloria Heyung Chun, Of Orphans and Warriors: Inventing Chinese American Culture and Identity (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2000), p. 35.
206 ”Every day and all year round”: Letter to New York Times, October 1, 1922, from S. J. Benjamin Cheng, a Columbia University student, as cited in Arthur Bonner, Alas! What Brought Thee Hither?, p. 107.
206 ”I never saw an underground tunnel”: Victor G. and Brett de Bary Nee, p. 71.
206 so that chickens could be raised there: Interview with Rose Wong, interview #80, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project.
206 ”We hated them!”: The Life and Times of Lung Chin: A Story of New York Chinatown, manuscript in folder labeled ”Chinatown 19[15]-? Restaurants, Tongs, Opium, Sports, basketball, social culture,” Museum of Chinese in the Americas.
207 ”the great and evil man”: Cheng-Tsu Wu, ed., ”Chink!,” pp. 136-38. Original citation: Sax Rohmer, The Return of Dr. Fu-Manchu (New York: McKinlay, Stone and MacKenzie, 1916).
207 ”green eyes gleamed upon me”: Ibid.
209 ”You’re asking me”: Los Angeles Times, July 12, 1987.
209 ”Because I had been the villainess”: Hollywood Citizen News, 1958, as cited in Judy Chu, ”Anna May Wong,” in Emma Gee et al., eds., Counterpoint: Perspectives on Asian America (Los Angeles: Asian American Center, University of California at Los Angeles, 1976), p. 287.
210 did little more than provide exotic background: Interview with Lillie Louie, interview #135, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project.
210 Information on Tom Gubbins: Interviews with Eddie E. Lee (#17), Gilbert Leong (#19), Mabel L. Lew (#22), Lillie Louie (#35), Bessie Loo (#38), Ethel Cannon (#64), and Gim Fong (#89), Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project.
210 ”the closest we would ever get to China” Louise Leung, ”Night Call in Chinatown,” Los Angeles Times Sunday Magazine, July 26, 1936, pp. 3-4.
211 ”the older people, they were always talking about going back home“: Victor Wong, ”Childhood II,” in Nick Harvey, ed., Ting: The Caldron, p. 70.
211 ”If your uncle comes back to America”: Letter, Sam Chang to Tennyson Chang, January 4, 1925, as cited in Haiming Liu, unpublished manuscript, p. 205; Origins & Destinations, p. 260.
211 more than 90 percent of their placements: Hsien-ju Shih, ”The Social and Vocational Adjustments of the Second Generation Chinese High School Students in San Francisco,” Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, 1937, p. 72. As cited in Gloria Heyung Chun, Of Orphans and Warriors, p. 17.
211 ”Father used to tell me”: Interview with James Low, in Victor G. and Brett de Bary Nee, p. 169.
212 ”Oh, you couldn’t get a job”: Grace Pung Guthrie, A School Divided, p. 35.
212 Chung Sai