The Chinese in America - Iris Chang [228]
212 dreaming about going ”back” to China: Interview with Rodney H. Chow, interview #149, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project.
212 75 percent of the attendees: Chinese Digest, July 3, 1936, p. 14.
212 ”ever since I can remember”: Robert Dunn, ”Does My Future Lie in China or America?,” Chinese Digest, May 15, 1936.
213 ”built on the mound of shame” Kaye Hong, ”Does My Future Lie in China or America?,” Chinese Digest, May 22, 1936.
213 The careers of Robert Dunn and Kaye Hong: Gloria Heyung Chun, p. 31.
213 one in five ABCs migrated to work in China: Gloria Heyung Chun, Of Orphans and Warriors, p. 26; Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 159.
214 Recruitment of ABCs by organizations in China: Gloria Heyung Chun, p. 26.
214 Information on Flora Belle Jan: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, pp. 143, 169.
Chapter Thirteen. ”The Most Important Historical Event of Our Times”: World War II
216 some 250,000 casualties: Jonathan D. Spence, The Search for Modern China (New York: W. W. Norton, 1990), p. 447.
216 locals simply starved to death: Madeline Y. Hsu, Dreaming of Gold, Dreaming of Home, p. 179.
217 pawned first their jewelry and furniture: Ibid.
217 at least 150,000 Toishanese—about one in four—had either died or disappeared: Ibid., p. 180. Also June Y. Mei, ”Researching Chinese-American History in Taishan: A Report,” in Genny Lim, ed., The Chinese American Experience: Papers from the Second National Conference in Chinese American Studies (1980), p. 58. As James Low recalled of those years, ”I saw other families starve during the Japanese war and World War II. The mothers had used all the money for gambling, for jewelry, for eating.” (Victor G. and Brett de Bary Nee, Longtime Californ’, p. 173.)
217 distributed thousands of English-language flyers: Renqiu Yu, To Save China, to Save Ourselves, pp. 101-2.
217 fewer than ninety planes in safe working condition: Iris Chang, Thread of the Silkworm (New York: Basic Books, 1995), p. 31.
217 two thousand in the Japanese military: Ibid.
217 aviation schools or clubs: Him Mark Lai, ”Roles Played by Chinese in America During China’s Resistance to Japanese Aggression and During World War II,” Chinese America: History and Perspectives 1997 (Brisbane, Calif.: Chinese Historical Society of America, 1997), pp. 79-81.
218 Information on Ouyang Ying and Katherine Cheung: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 162.
218 Stanley Lau: Ibid., p. 99.
218 Clifford Louie: Ibid., p. 98.
218 thirty-nine Chinese sailors: Ibid., p. 110.
218 demonstrated in front of the Spyros: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 241.
218 ”spattered with blood and tears”: Chung Sai Yat Po, December 19, 1938, as cited in Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 242.
219 ”100 percent opposed to passing the picket line”: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 242.
219 ”Rice Bowl” parties: Huping Ling, Surviving on the Gold Mountain, p. 107; Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, pp. 239-40.
219 American Bureau for Medical Aid to China: This organization, with the support of prominent Caucasian Americans, provided more than $10 million worth of aid to China during the war. Madame Chiang served as the honorary chair of the bureau. The archival papers of ABMAC are available in Columbia University’s Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
219 blood bank in New York: Huping Ling, p. 108.
220 relief-fund boxes on their counters: Renqui Yu, pp. 101-2.
220 garment workers sewed thousands of winter garments: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 244.
220 collecting tin cans, foil, and other scrap metal: Florence Gee, ”I am an American—How can I help win this war?,” Chinese Press, May 15, 1942, as cited in Ronald Takaki, Strangers from a Different Shore, p. 373.
220 $20 million for the Chinese War Relief Association: Him Mark Lai, ”Roles Played by Chinese in America During China’s Resistance to Japanese Aggression and During World War II,” p. 94.
220 $25 million: Him Mark Lai, ”China and the Chinese American Community,” Chinese America: History and Perspectives 1999, p. 6.
220 about 75,000 at the start