The Chinese in America - Iris Chang [229]
220 $300 for every Chinese in the country: Him Mark Lai, ”Roles Played by Chinese in America During China’s Resistance to Japanese Aggression and During World War II,” p. 94.
220 some gave almost every cent: Renqiu Yu, p. 100.
220 Montgomery Hom: Author interview with Montgomery Horn in Los Angeles.
221 percentage of U.S.-born Chinese Americans surpassed: L. Ling-chi Wang, ”Politics of Assimilation and Repression: History of the Chinese in the United States, 1940 to 1970,” unpublished manuscript, Asian American Studies Collection, Ethnic Studies Library, University of California at Berkeley, p. 288.
223 ”hardworking, honest, brave”: Sucheng Chan, Asian Americans: An Interpretative History (Boston: Twayne, 1991), p. 121.
223 ”Virtually all Japanese are short”: Time, December 22, 1941, p. 33.
224 used jujitsu: Interview with Rodney Chow, interview #149, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project.
224 carried identification cards: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 250; Jules Archer, The Chinese and the Americans (New York: Hawthorne Books, 1976), p. 106. It appears that the Chinese embassy also issued identification cards for people of Chinese ethnicity in the United States. One such card can be found in File #5608-505, Box 2168, Accession #58734, Stack Area 17W3, Row 13, Compartment 15, Shelf 1, Record Group 85, National Archives, Washington, D.C. The card reads: ”Chinese Embassy Washington, D.C. Chinese Identification Card. The bearer of this CHINESE Identification card, whose photograph appears heron, is a member of the CHINESE race.”
225 Yu-shan Han: Interview with Yu-shan Han, interview #152, p. 19, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project.
225 ”You damn Jap”: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 256.
225 Citizens Committee to Repeal Chinese Exclusion: Diane Mark and Ginger Chih, p. 98; Harry H. L. Kitano and Roger Daniels, Asian Americans: Emerging Minorities (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1988), p. 38.
225 ”enemies of the American people”: H. Brett Melendy, p. 28.
226 first Chinese woman and second woman ever invited to address a joint session of Congress: Mur Wolf, ”Madame Chiang Kai-shek; Week of August 14, 2000; Mayling Soong, who became Madame Chiang Kai-Shek, is the Wellesley Person of the Week.” Wellesley College 125th Anniversary Person of the Week. Office for Public Information, Wellesley College.
226 ”Goddamnit, I never saw anything like it”: Time, March 1, 1943, p. 23.
227 ”To men of our generation”: Charlie Leong quote, in Victor and Brett de Bary Nee, Longtime Californ‘, pp. 154-55. For a description of Leong’s life, see Sandy Lydon, p. 483. A journalism graduate of San Jose State College and Stanford University, Leong was the first Chinese American editor of a college newspaper and the first Asian American to join the San Francisco Press Club.
227 Colonel Won-Loy Chan: Author interview with Montgomery Hom, documentary filmmaker of They Served with Pride.
228 15,000 to 20,000 Chinese served in the military: Thomas Chinn, ed., Bridging the Pacific, p. 147; Him Mark Lai, ”Roles Played by Chinese in America During China’s Resistance to Japanese Aggression and During World War II,” p. 99; Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 252. (About 13,499, or 22 percent, of adult Chinese men enlisted in the army. Source: Ronald Takaki, p. 374; Gloria Chun, p. 44.)
228 20 percent of the Chinese population: Him Mark Lai, ”Roles Played by Chinese in America During China’s Resistance to Japanese Aggression and During World War II,” p. 99.
228 8.6 percent: Ibid., p. 99.
228 40 percent: Yen Le Espiritu, Asian American Women and Men: Labor, Laws and Love, p. 50.
228 ”New York’s Chinatown cheered itself hoarse”: Rose Hum Lee, ”Chinese in the United States Today: The War Has Changed Their Lives,” Survey Graphic, October 1942, p. 4444.
228 ”I remember Sunday, December 7th, vividly”: Richard V. Lee, M.D., ”A Brief Lee Family History,” paper presented at the conference on Yung