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Therefore, 1 Gallon of Gas = 492 hours to 364 hours of human work output
18. David Pimentel and Mario Giampietro, “Food, Land, Population and the U.S. Economy,” Carrying Capacity Network, November 21, 1994. http://dieoff.org/page40.htm (accessed November 4, 2010).
Chapter 16: Peak Oil
1. Richard Heinberg, The Party’s Over, 2nd ed. (Gabriola Island, British Columbia: New Society Publishers, 2005); Thom Hartmann, The Last Hours of Ancient Sunlight (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2004); James Howard Kunstler, The Long Emergency (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2005); Matthew Simmons, Twilight in the Desert (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005); Richard Heinberg, Power Down (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009); Kenneth S. Deffeyes, Beyond Oil: The View from Hubbert’s Peak (New York: Hill and Wang, 2005).
2. Praveen Ghanta, “Is Peak Oil Real? A List of Countries Past Peak,” Oil Drum. www.theoildrum.com/node/5576 (accessed October 28, 2010).
3. Kevin Morrison and Steve Johnson, “UK Net Oil Importer for First Time in Decade,” Energy Bulletin—Post Carbon Institute, August 11, 2004. www.energybulletin.net/node/1604 (accessed September 7, 2010).
4. Andrew McNamara, “Highway of Diamonds,” ASPO Australia, March 4, 2008. www.aspo-australia.org.au/general/highway-of-diamonds.html (accessed September 7, 2010).
5. “The World Factbook,” Central Intelligence Agency. www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html (accessed November 6, 2010).
6. “Table 11.5 World Crude Oil Production 1960–2009,” Energy Information Administration. www.eia.doe.gov/aer/txt/ptb1105.html (accessed November 8, 2010).
7. International Energy Agency, “Demand,” Oil Market Report, March 13, 2009. http://omrpublic.iea.org/omrarchive/13mar09dem.pdf (accessed November 4, 2010).
8. “World Energy Outlook 2008: Executive Summary,” International Energy Agency. November 2008, 6. www.worldenergyoutlook.org/weo2008/WEO2008_es_english.pdf (accessed November 4, 2010).
9. “Export Land Model,” Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Export_Land_Model (accessed November 5, 2010).
Chapter 17: Alternatives: Necessary but Insufficient
1. Julian Simon, “When Will We Run Out of Oil? Never!” The Ultimate Resource II: People, Materials and Environment. www.juliansimon.com/writings/Ultimate_Resource/TCHAR11.txt (accessed October 30, 2010).
2. “Energy Units,” Bioenergy Feedstock Information Network. http://bioenergy.ornl.gov/papers/misc/energy_conv.html (accessed October 30, 2010).
3. U.S. Energy Information Administration, “Petroleum (Oil) Production,” International Petroleum Monthly, September 2010, Table 4.4. www.eia.doe.gov/ipm/supply.html (accessed October 28, 2010).
4. Author’s own calculations relying on various information sources from the EIA, World Bank, and existing solar installations and biofuels production.
5. “International Energy Outlook 2010,” Energy Information Administration, July 27, 2010. www.eia.gov/oiaf/ieo/index.html (accessed November 4, 2010).
6. “World Wind Energy Report 2009,” World Wind Energy Association, March 2010. www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/worldwindenergyreport2009_s.pdf (accessed October 30, 2010).
7. Vaclav Smil, Energy Transitions: History, Requirements, Prospects (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2010.)
8. National Research Council Committee on Assessment of Resource Needs for Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Technologies, “Plug-In Hybrid Vehicle Costs Likely to Remain High, Benefits Modest for Decades,” Transitions to Alternative Transportation Technologies—Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, (The National Academies Press, December 2009). www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=12826 (accessed October 30, 2010).
9. Robert Bryce, Gusher of Lies: The Dangerous Delusions of Energy Independence (New York: Public Affairs, 2008), 206.
10. “Plans For New Reactors Worldwide,” World Nuclear Association, August 2010. www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf17.html (accessed October 30, 2010); and “Nuclear Power Plants, World-Wide,” European