The Fiery Trial_ Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery - Eric Foner [224]
34. North Star, February 4, 1848.
35. Weik, “Lincoln and the Matson Negroes,” 755–58; Brenner and Davis, Law Practice: In Re Bryant, et al. (1847). For a relevant discussion of morality and the law, see Steve Sheppard, I Do Solemnly Swear: The Moral Obligations of Legal Officials (New York, 2009).
36. Michael Burlingame writes of lawyers’ “ideological neutrality” to exonerate Lincoln in the Matson case. Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln: A Life, 1: 253. Dirck also excuses Lincoln’s representation of Matson. Dirck, Lincoln the Lawyer, 147–49.
37. Donald, Lincoln, 133–35.
38. Robert V. Remini, Henry Clay: Statesman for the Union (New York, 1991), 692–93; James F. Hopkins, ed., Papers of Henry Clay (10 vols.; Lexington, Ky., 1959–91), 10: 361–73.
39. John S. Wright, Lincoln and the Politics of Slavery (Reno, 1970), 18–19; CG, 30th Congress, 1st Session, 391; CW, 2: 252.
40. CG, 30th Congress, 2nd Session, appendix, 79–80.
41. Holt, Rise and Fall, 285–308.
42. Wright, Lincoln and the Politics of Slavery, 23; CW, 1: 381–82; CG, 30th Congress, 1st Session, 523. The vote on the Ashmun resolution was reported as 85 to 81, but the actual list of ayes and nays shows only 82 in favor. CG, 30th Congress, 1st Session, 95.
43. CW, 1: 433–41.
44. CW, 1: 420–21; Hudson River Chronicle (Sing-Sing, N.Y.), August 15, 1848; CG, 30th Congress, 1st Session, 61–62, 175, 229; appendix, 156, 170.
45. William C. Harris, Lincoln’s Rise to the Presidency (Lawrence, Kans., 2007), 41; Herbert Mitgang, ed., Abraham Lincoln: A Press Portrait (Chicago, 1971), 57; Winkle, Young Eagle, 241–42; CW, 3: 6; 6: 300–305.
46. CW, 1: 475; Julian, Political Recollections, 53–63; Foner, Free Soil, 124–25; Frederick W. Seward, Seward at Washington (2 vols.; New York, 1891), 1: 71.
47. CW, 1: 505; 2: 3–9.
48. Seward, Seward at Washington, 1: 79–80; George E. Baker, ed., The Works of William H. Seward (5 vols.; New York, 1853–84), 3: 287–88, 301; CW, 1: 454.
49. Julian, Life of Joshua R. Giddings, 246; James B. Stewart, Joshua R. Giddings and the Tactics of Radical Politics (Cleveland, 1970), 88; Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln: A Life, 1: 284.
50. Stewart, Joshua R. Giddings, 168–70; CG, 30th Congress, 2nd Session, 31, 38, 55, 83–84; appendix, 127; Julian, Life of Joshua R. Giddings, 259–61. Lincoln did vote, along with all the other northern Whigs, against tabling antislavery petitions. CG, 30th Congress, 1st Session, 60, 73, 82, 180.
51. Joshua R. Giddings Diary, January 8 and 9, 1849, Joshua R. Giddings Papers, Ohio Historical Society; Paul H. Verdun, “Partners for Emancipation: New Light on Lincoln, Joshua Giddings, and the Push to End Slavery in the District of Columbia, 1848–49,” in Townsend, Papers, 66–81.
52. CW, 2: 20; CG, 30th Congress, 2nd Session, 210.
53. Julian, Life of Joshua R. Giddings, 259–61; D. W. Bartlett, Life and Public Services of Hon. Abraham Lincoln (New York, 1860), 42; CW, 3: 39–40.
54. Giddings Diary, January 11, 1849, Giddings Papers; Liberator, June 22, July 13, and August 24, 1860.
55. CW, 2: 22.
56. CG, 30th Congress, 2nd Session, 239, 302.
57. CG 30th Congress, 2nd Session, 123–24, 129, 177, 247, 303.
58. William E. Gienapp, Abraham Lincoln and Civil War America (New York, 2002), 40–45; Carwardine, Lincoln, 22; New York Tribune, January 1, 1851; CW, 2: 126–32; 3: 424–25.
59. William H. Townsend, Lincoln and His Wife’s Home Town (Indianapolis, 1929), 222; Hopkins, Papers of Henry Clay, 10: 574–80; Carwardine, Lincoln, 21; CW, 2: 318.
60. Winkle, Young Eagle, 290; Wright, Lincoln and Politics of Slavery, 47–48; CW, 2: 158; Wilentz, Rise, 684; Stephen L. Hansen, The Making of the Third Party System: Voters and Parties in Illinois, 1850–1876 (Ann Arbor, 1980), 7–11.
61. Holt, Rise and Fall, 754; Elihu B. Washburne to Zebina Eastman, February 3, 1874, Zebina Eastman Papers, Chicago History Museum.
3 “The Monstrous Injustice