The First American Army - Bruce Chadwick [195]
16. Quarles, The Negro in the American Revolution, p. 16.
17. Knoblock, p. 13.
18. Worthington Ford. Ed., Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789, 24 vols., Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1904, III: 395, 403.
19. George Washington to Richard Henry Lee, December 26, 1775, in R. H. Lee, Memoir of the Life of Richard Henry Lee, Philadelphia, 1825, II: 9.
20. Henry Muhlenberg, Muhlenberg Diaries, quoted in Kaplan, The Black Presence in the Era of the American Revolution, 1770–1800, p. 66.
21. Virginia Gazette, Nov. 17, 1775; Nov. 24, 1775.
22. William Foster, The Negro People in American History, New York: International Publishing Company, 1954, pp. 48–49.
23. Quarles, pp. 26–28.
24. Kaplan, pp. 66–69.
25. Knoblock, pp. 96–97.
26. Ibid., p. 118.
27. Ibid., pp. 53–54.
28. Ibid., pp. 83–84.
29. Jeremy Belknap Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston.
30. Jeremy Belknap Papers, p. 117.
31. John Laurens to Henry Laurens, January 14, 1778, William Gilmore Simms, The Army Correspondence of Colonel John Laurens in the Years 1777–1778, New York: New York Times-Arno Press, 1969, p. 108.
32. John Laurens to Henry Laurens, February 2, 1778, Army Correspondence of Colonel John Laurens in the Years 1777–1778, pp.114–118.
33. Alexander Hamilton to John Jay, March 14, 1779, HAM II: 17–18.
34. John Laurens to George Washington, May 19, 1782, Sparks, Correspondence of the American Revolution, III: 406.
35. Walter Finney Diary, Chester County Historical Society, p. 18.
36. Knoblock, p. 88.
37. Thomas Anderson quoted in Quarles, p. 87, Stephen Steward to the Maryland Council, March 7, 1781, William Browne, ed., Archives of Maryland, 1883–1952, 65 vols., II: 362.
38. Ed Riley, ed., Charles Cross, Jr. A Navy for Virginia: A Colony’s Fleet in the Revolution, Yorktown: Virginia Independence Bicentennial Commission, 1981, pp. 22–23.
39. James Barron, “The Schooner Liberty,” Virginia Historical Register, 1848, I: 80.
40. Quarles, p. 171–173.
Chapter Twenty-five
1. Bartlett, ed., Records of the Colony of Rhode Island, VIII, p. 641.
2. Knoblock, p. 300.
3. Kaplan, pp. 55–58.
4. Nathanael Greene to John Sullivan, John Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major General John Sullivan, 3 vols., Concord, NH: New Hampshire Historical Society, 1930–39, II: 103, 101–102.
5. Nathanael Greene to George Washington, August 28, 1778, GREENE, II: 499, a British sailor with Howe that day wrote that the French left because of fierce British opposition, but admitted that Howe and the officers were surprised at their departure, Thomas O’Beirne, Narrative of the Fleet Under Lord Howe, New York: New York Times-Arno Press, 1969, pp. 40–41.
6. Nathanael Greene to William Heath, August 27, 1778, GREENE II: 497.
7. William Nell, Colored Patriots of the American Revolution, New York: New York Times-Arno Press, 1968, pp. 128–130.
8. Theodore Thayer, Nathanael Greene: Strategist of the American Revolution, pp. 256–257.
9. Kaplan, pp. 55–56.
10. John Hope Franklin. From Slavery to Freedom, New York: Alfred Knopf, 1947, p. 136.
11. Boatner, pp. 788–794.
12. Henry Laurens to New Jersey Governor William Livingston, September 1, 1778, Smith, X: 546–547.
13. James Smith to his wife Eleanor Smith, September 4, 1778, Smith, X: 572.; Richard Henry Lee to Adam Stephen, September 5, 1778, Ibid., X: 574.
14. Knoblock, p. 285–286.
15. Ibid., pp. 173–174.
16. Ibid., pp. 137–138.
17. David White, Connecticut’s Black Soldiers, 1775–1783, Chester, CN: Pequot Press, 1973, p. 22.
18. White, pp. 120–121.
Chapter Twenty-six
1. Edward Field, Esek Hopkins: Commander in Chief of the Continental Navy During the American Revolution, 1775–1778, Master Mariner, Politician, Brigadier General, Naval Officer and Philanthropist, Providence: Preston and Rounds Co., 1898, p. 45.
2. Richard Henry Lee to John Page, March 29, 1779, Smith, XII: 160–161.
3. Gardner Weld Allen, Massachusetts Privateers of the Revolution, Massachusetts Historical Society, 1927, p. 18.
4. Barbara Tuchman, First Salute: A View of the American Revolution,