The First American Army - Bruce Chadwick [196]
5. Boatner, pp. 896–898. Boatner estimated $18 million, but adding total worth of cargo a $66 million figure was set by Nathan Miller in Sea of Glory: A Naval History of the American Revolution, Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1974, pp. 260–264.
6. Miller, Sea of Glory, p. 262.
7. Miller, p. 282.
8. London Chronicle, September 2, 1777.
9. Annual Register, XXI, 1778, p. 36.
10. Governor Valentine Morris to Vice Admiral James Young, William Bell Clark, Exec. Ed., William Morgan, Ed. Vol. VII, Naval Documents of the American Revolution, 10 vols., Washington, D.C.: Department of the Navy, Naval History Division, 1976, VII: 1184–85.
11. Henry Byrne to Vice Admiral James Young, December 4, 1776, in Morgan, Naval Documents of the American Revolution, VII: 372–373.
12. Miller, p. 261.
13. Francis Wharton, The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States, 6 vols., Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1889, III: 650.
14. John Langdon to John Hancock, November 4, 1776; Charles Lee to Mescheh Weare, November 27, 1776, Morgan, Naval Documents, VII: 31.
15. Historical Magazine, March 1862.
16. Allen, Massachusetts Privateers of the Revolution, p. 16.
17. John Paul Jones, Memoirs of Rear Admiral John Paul Jones, Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd Publishers, 1890, pp. 80–81.
18. John Barnes, ed., Fanning’s Narrative: Being the Memoir of Nathaniel Fanning, an Officer of the Revolutionary Navy, 1778–1783, New York: New York Times-Arno Books, 1968, pp. 194–195.
Chapter Twenty-seven
1. David Ludlum, History of Early American Winters, 1604–1828, Boston: Boston-American Meteorological Society, 1966, pp. 120–121.
2. Diary of Colonel Israel Angell, New York: New York Times-Arno Books, 1971, pp. 101–102.
3. Diary of Colonel Israel Angell, pp. 114–115.
4. Thacher, pp. 180–181.
5. Erkuries Beatty to Reading Beatty, December 29, 1779, Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 14, 1890, p. 205; Finney journal entry, December 2, 1780, Finney Diary.
6. Christopher Ward, War of the Revolution, 2:612, quoting N. W. Stephenson and W. H. Dunn, George Washington, New York: Oxford University Press, 1940, 2 vols., 2:121.
7. Miers, Crossroads of Freedom, p. 202.
8. Diary of Colonel Israel Angell, December 13, 1779, p. 101.
9. George Washington to James Wilkinson, Dec. 22, 1779, GWW XXVII: 300.
10. Nathanael Greene to Daniel Broadhead, December 8, 1779, GREENE, V: 182.
11. Scheer, Yankee Doodle, p. 172.
12. Major James Fairlie to Charles Tillinghast, January 12, 1780, Dennis Ryan, Ed., A Salute to Courage: The American Revolution as Seen through the Wartime Writings of Officers of the Continental Army and Navy, New York: Columbia University Press, 1979, p. 178.
13. George Washington to Samuel Huntington, Dec. 25, 1779, GWW XXVII: 272–273.
14. William Livingston to George Washington, December 21, 1779, Livingston Papers, 5 vols. III: 277.
15. Baron von Steuben to George Clinton, Thayer, Colonial and Revolutionary Morris County, p. 224.
16. William Livingston to the New Jersey Assembly, December 20, 1779, Livingston Papers, III: 273–274.
17. A. E. Zucker, General De Kalb: Lafayette’s Mentor, Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1966, p. 190; Thacher, pp. 214–216.
18. George Washington’s Weather Diary, entry of January 6, 1780.
19. Thacher, p. 185.
20. George Washington to Samuel Huntington, January 5, 1780, GWW XXVII: 358.
21. William Ellery to Nathanael Greene, December 21, 1779, Smith, XIV: 288.
22. Nathanael Greene to Benoni Hathaway, January 6, 1780, GREENE V: 243.
23. Jersey Journal, January 15, 1780.
24. “A soldier’s letter,” Jersey Journal, January 22, 1780.
25. Thayer, Colonial and Revolutionary Morris County, pp. 228–230.
26. Jersey Journal, January 16, 1780.
27. Jersey Journal, February 2, 1780.
28. De Kalb quoted in Miers, p. 209; Nathanael Greene to Alexander McDougall, March 1, 1780, GREENE V: 428.
29. William Livingston to Rensalaer Williams, December 12, 1779, Livingston Papers: III: 282.
30. Proclamation, May 27, 1780, from