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12. R. McKie, 2009: “How Neanderthals Met a Grisly Fate: Devoured by Humans,” The Guardian, May 17, 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2009/may/17/neanderthals-cannibalism-anthropological-sciences-journal.

13. R. Cowen, 2004: History of Life, Blackwell Publishing, p. 292.

14. C. Turney et al., 2008: “Late-surviving Megafauna in Tasmania, Australia, Implicate Human Involvement in Their Extinction,” PNAS, 105, 34, 12150–3.

15. J. Diamond, 2000: “Blitzkrieg Against the Moas,” Science, 287, 5461, 2170–1.

16. Cowen, cited above, p. 309.

17. C. Donlan, 2007: “Restoring America’s Big Wild Animals,” Scientific American, June 2007, 70–7.

18. C. Johnson, 2009: “Ecological Consequences of Late Quaternary Extinctions of Megafauna,” Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 276, 1667, 2509–19.

19. C. Roberts, 2007: The Unnatural History of the Sea: The Past and Future of Humanity and Fishing, Gaia Books, p. 99.

20. Census of Marine Life, 2009: “Describing Ocean Life in Olden Days, Researchers Upend Modern Notions of ‘Natural’ Animal Sizes, Abundance,” Highlights News Release, http://www.coml.org/comlfiles/press/CoML_Oceans_Past_Public_Release_05.23.pdf.

21. S. Reilly et al., 2008: Eubalaena glacialis. In: IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. http://www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on September 21, 2009.

22. J. McNeill, 2001: Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World, W. W. Norton & Company.

23. Roberts, cited above, p. 43.

24. See the Extinction Website (a fascinating resource): http://www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/greatauk.htm.

25. Roberts, cited above, p. 74.

26. Roberts, p. 115.

27. Roberts, p. 69.

28. Roberts, p. 112.

29. B. MacKenzie et al., 2009: “Impending Collapse of Bluefin Tuna in the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean,” Conservation Letters, 2, 1, 26–35.

30. “Illegal Italian Spotter Planes Caught Hunting Down Mediterranean Bluefin Tuna,” Wildlife Extra, June 2008, http://www.wildlifeextra.com/go/news/bluefin-tuna745.html#cr.

31. M. Hickman, 2009: “Revealed: The Bid to Corner World’s Bluefin Tuna Market,” The Independent, June 3, 2009, http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/nature/revealed-the-bid-to-corner-worlds-bluefin-tuna-market-1695479.html.

32. A. Aguirre-Munoz et al., 2008: “High-impact Conservation: Invasive Mammal Eradications from the Islands of Western Mexico,” Ambio, 37, 2, 101–7.

33. C. Hallman et al., 2008: “Community Dynamics of Anaerobic Bacteria in Deep Petroleum Reservoirs,” Nature Geoscience, 1, 569–70.

34. T. Reichenbach et al., 2007: “Mobility Promotes and Jeopardizes Biodiversity in Rock–Paper–Scissors Games,” Nature, 448, 1046–9.

35. A. Chapman, 2009: “Numbers of Living Species in Australia and the World,” Report for the Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, Australia, September 2009, http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/publications/other/species-numbers/2009/pubs/nlsaw-2nd-complete.pdf.

36. R. Booth, 2009: “Lost World of Fanged Frogs and Giant Rats Discovered in Papua New Guinea,” The Guardian, September 7, 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/sep/07/discovery-species-papua-new-guinea.

37. E. Wilson, 2002: The Future of Life, Knopf, p. 124.

38. F. Ferretti et al., 2008: “Loss of Large Predatory Sharks from the Mediterranean Sea,” Conservation Biology, 22, 4, 952–64.

39. R. Myers et al., 2007: “Cascading Effects of the Loss of Apex Predatory Sharks from a Coastal Ocean,” Science, 315, 5820, 1846–50.

40. A. Bundy and P. Flanning, 2005: “Can Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Recover? Exploring Trophic Explanations for the Non-recovery of the Cod Stock on the Eastern Scotian Shelf, Canada,” Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 62, 1474–89.

41. W. Ripple and R. Beschta, 2007: “Restoring Yellowstone’s Aspen with Wolves,” Biological Conservation, 138, 3–4, 514–19.

42. H. Lessios, 1988: “Mass Mortality of Diadema Antillarum in the Caribbean: