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An o and an e always carry a stress, otherwise the stress falls on a long vowel—ā, ī, or ū—or on a double consonant, or on ṁ.

MAJOR CHANGES IN TERMINOLOGY

This list shows the most important of the changes in Ven. Ñāṇamoli’s manuscript terminology that were made for this edition. Changes marked with an asterisk were already introduced by Ven. Khantipālo in A Treasury of the Buddha’s Words.

PALI TERMMS RENDERINGREVISED RENDERING

akusala unprofitable unwholesome

ajjhosāna cleaving holding

abhinivesa insistence adherence

arūpa formless immaterial

*asekha the Adept one beyond training

iddhi success (1) supernormal power;

(2) spiritual power;

(3) success

uddhacca-kukkucca agitation and worry restlessness and remorse

upadhi essentials of existence acquisition(s)

ottappa shame fear of wrongdoing

kāmā sensual desires sensual pleasures

kusala profitable wholesome

khaya exhaustion destruction

*citta cognizance mind

chanda zeal (1) desire; (2) zeal

*jhāna illumination jhāna

*tathāgata the Perfect One the Tathāgata

thīna-middha lethargy and drowsiness sloth and torpor

*dhamma the True Idea the Dhamma

dhammā ideas (1) things, states, factors;

(2) mind-objects;

(3) qualities;

(4) teachings

nandī relishing delight

nāma name mentality

nāmarūpa name-and-form mentality-materiality

*nibbāna extinction Nibbāna

nibbidā dispassion disenchantment

paññā understanding wisdom

paṭigha resistance (1) sensory impact;

(2) aversion

padhāna endeavour striving

papañca diversification proliferation

paritassanā anguish agitation

pīti happiness rapture

*buddha the Enlightened One the Buddha

brahma divine holy, divine

brahmā the Divinity Brahmā

brāhmaṇa divine (caste) brahmin

bhāvanā maintaining in being development

muditā gladness altruistic joy

rūpa form (1) form; form;

(2) material form, materiality;

(3) fine-material (being)

vicāra pondering sustained thought

vicikicchā uncertainty doubt

vitakka thought, thinking thought, applied thought

virāga fading away of lust dispassion

sakkāya embodiment identity

*sankhārā determinations formations

*sangha the Community the Sangha

*sattā creatures beings

samaṇa monk recluse

*sekha the Initiate the disciple in higher training

hiri conscience shame

A Summary of the 152 Suttas

PART ONE: THE ROOT FIFTY DISCOURSES

1. Mūlapariyāya Sutta: The Root of All Things. The Buddha analyses the cognitive processes of four types of individuals—the untaught ordinary person, the disciple in higher training, the arahant, and the Tathāgata. This is one of the deepest and most difficult suttas in the Pali Canon, and it is therefore suggested that the earnest student read it only in a cursory manner on a first reading of the Majjhima Nikāya, returning to it for an in-depth study after completing the entire collection.

2. Sabbāsava Sutta: All the Taints. The Buddha teaches the bhikkhus seven methods for restraining and abandoning the taints, the fundamental defilements that maintain bondage to the round of birth and death.

3. Dhammadāyāda Sutta: Heirs in Dhamma. The Buddha enjoins the bhikkhus to be heirs in Dhamma, not heirs in material things. The venerable Sāriputta then continues on the same theme by explaining how disciples should train themselves to become the Buddha’s heirs in Dhamma.

4. Bhayabherava Sutta: Fear and Dread. The Buddha describes to a brahmin the qualities required of a monk who wishes to live alone in the forest. He then relates an account of his own attempts to conquer fear when striving for enlightenment.

5. Anangaṇa Sutta: Without Blemishes. The venerable Sāriputta gives a discourse to the bhikkhus on the meaning of blemishes, explaining that a bhikkhu becomes blemished when he falls under the sway of evil wishes.

6. Ākankheyya Sutta: If a Bhikkhu Should Wish. The Buddha begins by stressing the importance of virtue as the foundation for a bhikkhu’s training; he then goes on to enumerate the benefits that a bhikkhu can reap by properly fulfilling