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“Options for Controlling the Cost and Increasing the Efficiency of Health Care,” Congressional Budget Office Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Health, Committee on Energy and Commerce, U.S. House of Representatives, March 2009; Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, “Society at a Glance—OECD Social Indicators 2009” (www.oecd.org/els/social/indicators/SAG, accessed on 08/08/2010); Ryan D. Edwards and Shripad Tuljapurkar, “Inequality in Life Spans and a New Perspective on Mortality Convergence Across Industrialized Countries,” Population and Development Review, Vol. 34, No. 4, December 2006; OECD Factbook 2009; Congressional Budget Office, “Research on the Comparative Effectiveness of Medical Treatments: Issues and Options for an Expanded Federal Role,” December 2007.

59-64 The Price of Happiness: The impact of Los Ricos También Lloran is discussed in Sam Quiñones, “A Real-Life Soap Opera for Mexican TV Star: Network Dumps Queen of ‘Telenovelas,’ Latin America’s Best-Known Actress,” San Francisco Examiner, September 27, 1999; Sam Quiñones, True Tales from Another Mexico (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2001); and Helen Womack, “Mexican Soap Washes Away Russian Woes,” Independent, September 8, 1992. Schopenhauer statement can be found in Arthur Schopenhauer, “Psychological Observations,” in The Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer (General Books LLC, 2010), p. 78. Bobby Kennedy’s speech can be found in the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library (at http://www.jfklibrary.org/Historical+Resources/Archives/Reference+Desk/Speeches/RFK/RFKSpeech68Mar18UKansas.htm, accessed 08/16/2010). The “Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress,” by Joseph Stiglitz, Amartya Sen, and Jean-Paul Fitoussi for the French government can be found at www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr. The account of Bhutan’s gross national happiness draws from Seth Mydans, “Recalculating Happiness in a Himalayan Kingdom,” New York Times, May 7, 2009; the Center for Bhutan Studies (grossnationalhappiness. com/gnhIndex/intruductionGNH.aspx, accessed 08/12/2010); Swaminathan S. Anklesaria Aiyar, “Bhutan’s Happiness Is Large Dam, Fast GDP,” Times of India, November 1, 2009; and Ben Saul, “Cultural Nationalism, Self-Determination and Human Rights in Bhutan,” International Journal of Refugee Law, Vol. 12, No. 3, July 2000, pp. 321-353. Data on Bhutan and India’s GDP per person is drawn from International Monetary Fund statistics (www.imf.org/external/datamapper/index.php). Statistics on the impact of income on happiness come from Andrew Oswald and Nattavudh Powdthavee, “Does Happiness Adapt? A Longitudinal Study of Disability with Implications for Economists and Judges,” IZA Discussion Paper, July 2006; Paul Frijters, David W. Johnston, and Michael A. Shields, “Happiness Dynamics with Quarterly Life Event Data,” IZA Discussion Paper, July 2008; Gallup Organization, “About One in Six Americans Report History of Depression,” October 22, 2009 (www.gallup.com/poll/123821/One-Six-Americans-Report-History-Depression.aspx. , accessed 08/16/2010); Ronald Inglehart, Roberto Foa, Christopher Peterson, and Christian Welzel, “Development, Freedom and Rising Happiness, A Global Perspective (1981-2007),” Perspectives on Psychological Science, Vol. 3, No. 4, 2008, pp. 264-285; and Angus Deaton, “Income, Aging, Health and Wellbeing Around the World: Evidence from the Gallup World Poll,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 22, No. 2, Spring 2008.

64-66 What Happiness Is: Examples of the link between happiness and other measures of well-being are in: David Blanchflower and Andrew Oswald, “Hypertension and Happiness Across Nations,” Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, Vol. 27, No. 2, March 2008, pp. 218-233; Daniel Kahneman and Alan B. Krueger, “Developments in the Measurement of Subjective Well-Being,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 20, No. 1, Winter 2006, pp. 3-24. Examples of the difficulty of defining happiness are found in Daniel Gilbert, Stumbling on Happiness (New York: Vintage Books, 2005); Norbert