The Price of Everything - Eduardo Porter [131]
106-109 Missing Brides: The discussion of the consequences of China’s gender imbalance draws from Avraham Ebenstein and Ethan Jennings, “The Consequences of the Missing Girls of China,” World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 23, No. 3, November 2009, pp. 399-425; “China Faces Growing Sex Imbalance,” BBC News, 01/11/2010 (at news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8451289.stm, accessed 07/18/2010); Shang-Jin Wei and Xiaobo Zhang, “The Competitive Saving Motive: Evidence from Rising Sex Ratios and Savings Rates in China,” NBER Working Paper, June 2009. The analysis of the positive influence of women on development in China and Taiwan draws from “Women and Men in China, Facts and Figures, 2004,” Department of Population, Social Science, and Technology, National Bureau of Statistics, China, April 2004; Zhang Ye, “Hope for China’s Migrant Women Workers,” China Business Review, April 2002; Nancy Qian, “Missing Women and the Price of Tea in China: The Effect of Sex-Specific Earnings on Sex Imbalance,” CEPR Discussion Paper, December 2006; and Andrew M. Frances, “Sex Ratios and the Red Dragon: Using the Chinese Communist Revolution to Explore the Effect of the Sex Ratio on Women and Children in Taiwan,” Emory University Working Paper, November 2008.
110-114 The Price of Work: Data on labor coercion are found in International Labor Organization, “The Cost of Coercion,” Report of the Director General, International Labour Conference, 2009. Data on the labor share of national income is drawn from Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Income and Product Accounts, Table 1.12: National Income by Type of Income. The analysis of the evolution of slavery through history draws from Jonathan Conning, “On the Causes of Slavery or Serfdom and the Roads to Agrarian Capitalism: Domar’s Hypothesis Revisited,” Hunter College Department of Economics Working Paper, City University of New York, November 2004; Nils-Petter Lagerlöf, “Slavery and Other Property Rights,” Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 76, No. 1, January 2009, pp. 319-342; Evsey Domar, “The Causes of Slavery or Serfdom: A Hypothesis,” Economic History Review, Vol. 30, No. 1, March 1970, pp. 18-32; Kevin O’Rourke and Ronald Findlay, Power and Plenty: Trade, War and the World Economy in the Second Millennium (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007), p. 130; and Daron Acemoglu and Alexander Wolitzky, “The Economics of Labor Coercion,” NBER Working Paper, December 2009. Data on the impact of slavery on productivity and economic growth is drawn from Nathan Nunn, “Slavery, Inequality, and Economic Development in the Americas: An Examination of the Engerman-Sokoloff Hypothesis,” MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, October 2007; Peter Mancall, Joshua Rosenbloom, and Thomas Weiss, “South Carolina Slave Prices, 1722-1809,” NBER Historical Paper, March 2000; Peter Mancall, Joshua Rosenbloom, and Thomas Weiss, “Agricultural Labor Productivity in the Lower South, 1720-1800,” Explorations in Economic History, Vol. 39, No. 4, October 2002, pp. 390-424. The impact of illegal immigration on capital investments in American agriculture is discussed in Eduardo Porter, “In Florida Groves, Cheap Labor Means Machines,” New York Times, March 22, 2004. Data on wages in Vietnam comes from Vu Trong Khanh and Leigh Murray, “Inflation Fears After Vietnam Boosts Wages,” Wall Street Journal, March 26, 2010.
114-118 What’s Fair Pay?: Data on the cost of goods measured in terms of the average worker’s wage comes from United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, “100 Years of U.S. Consumer Spending: Data for the Nation, New York City, and Boston,” May 2006; J. Bradford Delong, “Cornucopia: Increasing Wealth in the Twentieth Century,” NBER Working Paper, March 2000. The value of speaking English in India is found in Mehtabul Azam, Aimee Chin, and Nishith Prakash, “The Returns to English-Language Skills in India,” IZA Discussion Paper, 2010. The discussion of the higher wages of the tall and the beautiful draws from Anne Case and Christina Paxson, “Stature and Status: Height, Ability, and Labor Market Outcomes,