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53. George Edwin Mowry, Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive Movement (Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1938), p. 86.

54. Gifford Pinchot, Breaking New Ground (Washington, DC: Island, 1998), pp. 498–500.

55. Rakestraw, A History of the United States Forest Service in Alaska, chap. 4.

56. Theodore Roosevelt to Gifford Pinchot, March 1, 1910, in Martin L. Fausold, Gifford Pinchot, Bull Moose Progressive (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1961), p. 36.

57. Theodore Roosevelt to Henry Cabot Lodge, March 4, 1910, in Miller, Gifford Pinchot, p. 176.

58. Elting E. Morison (ed.), The Letters of Theodore Roosevelt, Vol. VII (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1954), p. 52.

59. Dalton, Theodore Roosevelt, p. 357.

60. McGeary, Gifford Pinchot, p. 176.

61. O’Toole, When Trumpets Call, p. 84.

62. Gifford Pinchot Diary, April 11, 1910, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

63. Pinchot, Breaking New Ground, p. 502.

64. Gifford Pinchot, The Fight for Conservation (New York: Doubleday, Page, 1910), p. 6.

65. Miller, Gifford Pinchot and the Making of Modern Environmentalism, pp. 228–230.

66. Pinchot, The Fight for Conservation, first page of Introduction.

67. Ibid., p. 146.

68. Dalton, Theodore Roosevelt, p. 360.

69. Miller, Theodore Roosevelt, p. 508.

70. Joseph Bucklin Bishop, Theodore Roosevelt and His Time: Shown in His Own Letters (New York: Scribner, 1920), p. 122.

71. Theodore Roosevelt to David Grey, October 5, 1911, in Morison, The Letters of Theodore Roosevelt, Vol. VII, p. 407.

72. Viscount Grey of Fallodon, Recreation (Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1920), p. 32.

73. Jerome Jackson, William Davis Jr., and John Tautin (eds.), Bird Banding in North America: The First Hundred Years (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), p. 3.

74. “History of Bird Banding,” Auk, Vol. 38, No. 1 (January 1921), p. 220.

75. Curt Meine, Aldo Leopold: His Life and Work (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988), p. 148. Also H. W. Henshaw, Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Biological Survey (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1910), p. 11.

76. John F. Reiger, American Sportsmen and the Origins of Conservation, 3rd, rev. expanded ed. (Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 2001), pp. 186–187.

77. Ibid.

78. Rakestraw, A History of the United States Forest Service in Alaska, chap. 4.

79. Samuel Trask Dana, Forest and Range Policy: Its Development in the United States (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956), pp. 178–197; E. A. Sherman, “The Supreme Court of the United States and Conservation Policies,” Journal of Forestry (December 1921), pp. 928–930.

80. Hamlin Garland, Cavanaugh, Forest Ranger: A Romance of the Mountain West (New York: Harper, 1910), p. 29.

81. Keith Newlin and Joseph B. McCullough (eds.), Selected Letters of Hamlin Garland (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998), p. xvi.

82. Gifford Pinchot to Hamlin Garland, March 14, 1910, Pinchot Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

83. Susan Kollin, Nature’s State: Imagining Alaska as the Last Frontier (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001), pp. 62–63.

84. John Helper, “Michigan’s Forgotten Son: James Oliver Curwood,” Midwestern Miscellany, Vol. 7 (1979).

85. James Oliver Curwood, The Alaskan (Allison Park, PA: ARose, 2008), pp. 5–14.

86. Ibid., pp. 13–44. Also see G. Edward White, The Eastern Establishment and the Western Experience: The West of Frederic Remington, Theodore Roosevelt, and Owen Wister (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1968).

87. James Wilson, letter to Gifford Pinchot, February 1, 1905, Pinchot Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

88. Gifford Pinchot, testimony before the U.S. House Committee on the Public Lands, House of Representatives, 63rd Congress, 1913.

89. Robert W. Righter, The Battle over Hetch Hetchy: America’s Most Controversial Dam and the Birth of Modern Environmentalism (New Haven, CT: Yale University