The Rational Optimist_ How Prosperity Evolves - Matt Ridley [205]
p. 340 ‘Some reefs may yet die if the world warms rapidly in the twenty-first century, but others in cooler regions may expand.’ Kleypas, J.A., Danabasoglu, G. and Lough. J.M. 2008. Potential role of the ocean thermostat in determining regional differences in coral reef bleaching events, Geophysical Research Letters 35: L03613. (doi:10.1029/2007GL032257).
p. 341 ‘a rash of empirical studies showing that increased carbonic acid either has no effect or actually increases the growth of calcareous plankton’. Iglesias-Rodriguez, M.D. et al. 2008. Phytoplankton calcification in a high-CO2 world. Science 320:336–40. Other studies of the carbonate issue are summarised by Idso, C. 2009. CO2, Global Warming and Coral Reefs. Vales Lake Publishing.
p. 341 ‘said Bill Clinton once’. Speech to the US National Academy of Sciences, 15 July 1998.
p. 341 ‘As Indur Goklany puts it’. Goklany, I. 2008. The Improving State of the World. Cato Institute.
p. 341 ‘The results of thirteen economic analyses of climate change’. Summarised in Tol, R. S. J. 2009. The Economic Effects of Climate Change. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 23:29–51. http://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php? doi=10.1257/jep.23.2.29. See also the essay by Jerry Taylor at http://www.masterresource.org/2009/11/the-economics-of-climate-change-essential-knowledge.
p. 342 ‘quoting from the IPCC’s 2007 report’. IPCC AR4, Working Group III, p. 204.
p. 342 ‘says the physicist David MacKay’. MacKay, D. 2009. Sustainable Energy – without the Hot Air. UIT, Cambridge.
p. 343 ‘125 kilowatt-hours per day per person of work that give Britons their standard of living’. Numbers in this paragraph recalculated from MacKay, D. 2009. Sustainable Energy – without the Hot Air. UIT, Cambridge. Compare this number (125 kWh per person per day) with the number given in chapter 7 from a different source: England consumes 250 gigawatts (250 gigajoules per second) in total, or 5,000 joules per person per second, assuming the population of England is 50m. There are 3.6m joules in a kilowatt hour and 86,400 seconds in a day so 5,000 x 86,400 = 432m joules per person per day. 432/3.6 = 120 kWh per person per day.
p. 344 ‘a Spanish study confirms that wind power subsidies destroy jobs’. Donald Hertzmark, 6 April 2009 at http://masterresource.org/?p=1625. See also http://www.juandemariana.org/pdf/090327-employment-public-aid-renewable.pdf, and http://masterresource.org/?p=5046#more-5046.
p. 344 ‘writes Peter Huber’. Huber, P. 2009. Bound to burn. City Journal, spring 2009.
p. 344 ‘quite soon engineers will be able to use sunlight to make hydrogen directly from water with ruthenium dye as a catalyst’. Bullis, K. 2008. Sun + water = fuel. Technology Review, November/December, 56–61.
pp. 344–5 ‘Once solar panels can be mass-produced at $200 per square metre and with an efficiency of 12 per cent, they could generate the equivalent of a barrel of oil for about $30’. Ian Pearson, 8.9.08: http://www.futurizon.net/blog.htm.
p. 345 ‘human energy use over the past 150 years as it migrated from wood to coal to oil to gas’. Ausubel, J.H. 2003. ‘Decarbonisation: the Next 100 Years’. Lecture at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, June 2003. http://phe.rockefeller.edu/PDF_FILES/oakridge.pdf.
p. 346 ‘Jesse Ausubel predicts’. Ausubel, J.H. and Waggoner, P.E. 2008. Dematerialization: variety, caution and persistence. PNAS 105:12774–9. See also: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/21/science/earth/21tier.html.
p. 346 ‘carbon-rich oceanic organisms called salps’. Lebrato, M. and Jones, D.O.B. 2009. Mass deposition event of Pyrosoma atlanticum carcasses off Ivory Coast (West Africa). Limnology and Oceanography 54:1197–1209.
Chapter 11
p. 349 IPCC projections for world GDP graph. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 4th Assessment Report