The Rational Optimist_ How Prosperity Evolves - Matt Ridley [214]
Kenya 42, 87, 155, 209, 316, 326, 336, 353
Kerala 327
Kerouac, Jack 110
Khoisan people 54, 61, 62, 67, 116, 321
Kim Il Sung 187
King, Gregory 218
Kingdon, Jonathan 67
Kinneret, Lake 124
Klasies River 83
Klein, Naomi 291
Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers (venture capitalists) 259
knowledge, increasing returns of 248–50, 274–7
Kodak (corporation) 114, 386
Kohler, Hans-Peter 212
Korea 184, 197, 300; see also North Korea; South Korea
Kuhn, Steven 64, 69
kula (exchange system) 134
!Kung people 44, 135, 136–7
Kuznets curve 106
Kwakiutl people 92
Lagos 322
Lagrange Point 346
lakes, acidification of 305–6
Lamalera people 87
Lancashire 214, 217, 232, 263
Landes, David 223, 406
Lang, Tim 392
language: and exchange 58; genes for 55; Indo-European 129; and isolationism 73; Neanderthals 4, 55; numbers of languages 73; as unique human development 4
Laos 209
lapis lazuli 162, 164
Lascaux caves, France 6
lasers 272
Lassa fever 307
Laurion, Attica 171
Law, John 29, 259
Lawson, Nigel, Baron 331
Lay, Ken 29, 385
Layard, Richard 25
lead 167, 174, 177, 213
Leadbetter, Charles 290
Leahy, Michael 92
leather 70, 122, 167, 176
Lebanon 167
LeBlanc, Steven 137
LEDs (light-emitting diodes) 21–2
lentils 129
Leonardo da Vinci 196, 251
Levy, Stephen 355
Liang Ying (farm worker) 220
liberalism 108, 109–110, 290
Liberia 14, 316
libertarianism 106
Libya 171
lice 68
lichen 75
life expectancy: in Africa 14, 316, 422; in Britain 13, 15, 284; improvements in 12, 14, 15, 17–18, 205, 284, 287, 298, 316; in United States 298; world averages 47
Life (magazine) 304
light, artificial 13, 16, 17, 20–22, 37, 233, 234, 240, 245, 272, 368
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 21–2
Limits to Growth (report) 303–4, 420
Lindsey, Brink 102, 109
linen 216, 218
lions 43, 87
literacy 106, 201, 290, 353, 396
Liverpool 62, 283
local sourcing (of goods) 35, 41–2, 149, 392; see also food miles
Locke, John 96
Lodygin, Alexander 272
Lombardy 178, 196
Lomborg, Björn 280
London 12, 116, 186, 199, 218, 222, 282; as financial centre 259
longitude, measurement of 261
Longshan culture 397
Los Angeles 17, 142
Lothal, Indus valley 162, 164
Louis XI, King of France 184
Louis XIV, King of France 36, 37, 38, 184, 259
Lowell, Francis Cabot 263
Lübeck 180
Lucca 178, 179
Lunar Society 256
Luther, Martin 102
Luxembourg 331
Lyon 184
Macao 183
MacArthur, General Douglas 141
Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 1st Baron 11, 285–7, 359
McCloskey, Deirdre 109, 366–7
Mace, Ruth 73
McEwan, Ian 47
Machiguenga people 87
MacKay, David 342
McKendrick, Neil 224
McKibben, Bill 293
Macmillan, Harold, 1st Earl of Stockton 16
McNamara, Robert 203
mad-cow disease (vCJD) 280, 308
Madagascar 70, 299
Maddison, Angus 180
Maddox, John 207
Madoff, Bernard 28–9
Maghribis 178, 180
magnesium 213
maize 126, 146–7, 153, 155, 156, 163; for biofuel 240, 241
malaria 135, 157, 275, 299, 310, 318, 319, 331, 336, 353, 428, 429
Malawi 40–41, 132, 316, 318
Malawi, Lake 54
Malay Peninsula 66
Malaysia 35, 89, 242, 332
Mali 316, 326
Malinowski, Bronislaw 134
malnutrition 154, 156, 337
Maltese Falcon, The (film) 86
Malthus, Robert 139, 140, 146, 191, 249, 303
Malthusianism 141, 193, 196, 200, 202, 401
mammoths 68, 69, 71, 73, 302
Manchester 214, 218, 283
Mandell, Lewis 254
manganese 150, 213
mangoes 156, 327, 392
Manhattan 83
manure 147, 150, 198, 200, 282
Mao Zedong 16, 187, 262, 296, 311
Marchetti, Cesare 345–6
Marcuse, Herbert 291
Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France 199
markets (in capital and assets) 9, 258–60
markets (in goods and services): and collective betterment 9–10, 36–9, 103–110, 115–16, 281; disdain for 102–3, 104, 291–2, 358; etiquette and ritual of 133–4; and generosity 86–7; global interdependence 42–3; market failure 182, 250; ‘perfect markets’ 249–50; and population control 210–211; and preindustrial economies 133–4; and trust 98–100, 103; and virtue 100–104, 105; see also bartering; exchange; trade
Marne, River 234
Martu aborigines 62
Marx, Karl 102, 104, 107–8, 291, 406
Marxism