The Wilderness Warrior - Douglas Brinkley [517]
March 2, 1909
FEDERAL BIRD RESERVATIONS CREATED BY THEODORE ROOSEVELT, AND ADMITTED BY THE BUREAU OF BIOLOGICAL SURVEY, USDA
Most of Roosevelt’s bird reserves are now part of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife’s National Wildlife Refuge System (NWR) 1901–1909. Special thanks to William Reffalt, a U.S. Fish and Wildlife volunteer for helping compile this list.
Name of Bird Reservation
Date
Status
1. Pelican Island (Florida)
March 14, 1903
NWR
enlarged
January 26, 1909
2. Breton Island (Louisiana)
October 4, 1904
NWR
3. Stump Lake (North Dakota)
March 9, 1905
NWR
4. Siskiwit Islands (Michigan)
October 10, 1905
Natl. Park
5. Huron Islands (Michigan)
October 10, 1905
NWR
6. Passage Key (Florida)
October 10, 1905
NWR
7. Indian Key (Florida)
February 10, 1906
No. Fed. Land
8. Tern Islands (Louisiana)
August 8, 1907
No. Fed. Land
9. Shell Keys (Louisiana)
August 17, 1907
NWR
10. Three Arch Rocks (Oregon)
October 14, 1907
NWR
11. Flattery Rocks (Washington)
October 23, 1907
NWR
12. Copalis Rock (Washington)
October 23, 1907
NWR
13. Quillayute Needles (Washington)
October 23, 1907
NWR
14. East Timbalier Island (Louisiana)
December 7, 1907
No. Fed. Land
15. Mosquito Inlet (Florida)
February 24, 1908
No. Fed. Land
16. Tortugas Keys (Florida)
April 6, 1908
Nat’l. Park
17. Key West (Florida)
August 8, 1908
NWR
18. Klamath Lake (Oregon and California)
August 8, 1908
NWR
19. Lake Malheur (Oregon)
August 18, 1908
NWR
20. Chase Lake (North Dakota)
August 28, 1908
NWR
21. Pine Island (Florida)
September 15, 1908
NWR
22. Matlacha Pass (Florida)
September 26, 1908
NWR
23. Palma Sole (Florida)
September 26, 1908
No. Fed. Land
24. Island Bay (Florida)
October 23, 1908
NWR
25. Loch Katrine (Wyoming)
October 26, 1908
No Fed. Land
26. Hawaiian Islands
February 3, 1909
NWR
27. Salt River (Arizona)
February 25, 1909
Bur. Reel.
28. East Park (California)
February 25, 1909
Impt. Reel.
29. Deer Flat (Idaho)
February 25, 1909
NWR
30. Willow Creek (Montana)
February 25, 1909
Other NWR
31. Carlsbad (New Mexico)
February 25, 1909
Bur. Reel.
32. Rio Grande (New Mexico)
February 25, 1909
Bur. Recl.
33. Cold Springs (Oregon)
February 25, 1909
NWR
34. Belle Fourche (South Dakota)
February 25, 1909
Impt. Recl.
35. Strawberry Valley (Utah)
February 25, 1909
No. Fed. Land
36. Keechelus (Washington)
February 25, 1909
Bur. Recl.
37. Kachess (Washington)
February 25, 1909
Bur. Recl.
38. Clealum (Washington)
February 25, 1909
Bur. Recl.
39. Bumping Lake (Washington)
February 25, 1909
Bur. Recl.
40. Conconully (Washington)
February 25, 1909
Impt. Recl.
41. Pathfinder (Wyoming)
February 25, 1909
NWR
42. Shoshone (Wyoming)
February 25, 1909
No Fed. Land
43. Minidoka (Idaho)
February 25, 1909
NWR
44. Tuxedni (Alaska)
February 27, 1909
Other NWR
45. Saint Lazaria (Alaska)
February 27, 1909
Other NWR
46. Yukon Delta (Alaska)
February 27, 1909
Other NWR
47. Culebra (Puerto Rico)
February 27, 1909
NWR
48. Farallon (California)
February 27, 1909
NWR
49. Bering Sea (Alaska)
February 27, 1909
Other NWR
50. Pribilof (Alaska)
February 27, 1909
Other NWR
51. Bogoslof (Alaska)
March 2, 1909
Other NWR
Status Note: Other NWR means the original reservation has been absorbed into a larger NWR No. Fed. Land indicates valid state/private claims area eroded away completely, or reservoirs transferred to water users. Bur. Recl, indicates the Reclamation Project became more important than the secondary withdrawal for wildlife. Impt. Recl. indicates recreation became a dominant use and the refuge was revoked. (Code by Reffalt.)
NATIONAL GAME PRESERVES CREATED BY THEODORE ROOSEVELT, 1901–1909
1. Wichita Forest, Oklahoma—June 2, 1905. Land added May 29, 1906. This was the first federal game preserve.
2. Grand Canyon, Arizona—June 23, 1908. Note that the Grand Canyon also became a national monument