This Republic of Suffering - Faust, Drew Gilpin [158]
33. Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, The Gates Ajar, in Three Spiritualist Novels pp. 5, 32. See Mark Twain’s “burlesque” of The Gates Ajar, perhaps the ultimate testimony to its cultural impact, Extract from Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven (1909; rpt. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996).
34. Phelps, Gates, pp. 41, 110, 42.
35. Ibid., p. 50.
36. Ibid., pp. 65, 64.
37. Ibid., pp. 10–11.
38. Catherine Edmondston, Journal of a Secesh Lady: The Diary of Catherine Ann Devereux Edmondston, 1860–1866, ed. Beth G. Crabtree and James W. Patton (Raleigh: North Carolina Division of Archives and History, 1979), p. 461;J. Michael Welton, ed., “My Heart Is So Rebellious”: The Caldwell Letters, 1861–1865 (Warrenton, Va.: Fauquier National Bank, 1991), pp. 240, 241; Clara Solomon Diary, entry for June 7, 1861, Louisiana State University; Anne Darden, Diary, entry for July 20, 1861, North Carolina Department of Archives and History. See Drew Gilpin Faust, Mothers of Invention: Women of the Slaveholding South in the American Civil War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996), pp. 190–95. On both Job and “Though thou slay us,” see Peyton Harrison Hoge, Moses Drury Hoge: Life and Letters (Richmond, Va.: Presbyterian Committee of Publication, 1899), pp. 235–37.
39. Abraham Lincoln, “Address at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania,” November 19, 1863, in Abraham Lincoln: Speeches and Writings, 1859–1865 (New York: Library of America, 1989), p. 536.
40. Lincoln, “Second Inaugural Address,” in Speeches and Writings, pp. 686–87.
41. Stephen Elliott, Ezra’s Dilemna [sic]: A Sermon (Savannah, Ga.: Power Press of George N. Nichols, 1863), p. 17; Stephen Elliott, Gideon’s Water-Lappers: A Sermon (Macon, Ga.: Burke, Boykin & Co., 1864), p. 20. On providentialism see Mark Noll, The Civil War as a Theological Crisis (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006), pp. 75–94. On religion and nationalism, see Drew Gilpin Faust, The Creation of Confederate Nationalism: Ideology and Identity in the Civil War South (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1988), pp. 22–40. With thanks to Katy Park for Latin assistance.
42. Lincoln, “Second Inaugural Address,” p. 687.
43. Horace Bushnell, “Our Obligations to the Dead,” in Building Eras in Religion (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1881), pp. 322, 327.
44. Horace Bushnell, Reverses Needed: A Discourse Delivered on the Sunday After the Disaster of Bull Run, in the North Church, Hartford (Hartford, Conn.: L. E. Hunt, 1861); Bushnell, “Obligations,” pp. 331, 333, 332, 341, 353. See William A. Clebsch, “Christian Interpretations of the Civil War,” Church History 30, no. 2 (1961): 212–22.
45. Bushnell, “Obligations,” p. 350; Elliott, Gideon’s Water-Lappers, p. 20; Bushnell, “Obligations,” p. 355. See also Horace Bushnell, The Vicarious Sacrifice, Grounded in Principles of Universal Obligation (New York: Charles Scribner & Co., 1866).
46. Bushnell, “Obligations,” p. 353.
47. Mary Ann Harris Gay, Life in Dixie During the War (Atlanta: Constitution Job Office, 1892), p. 195; Henry Timrod, “Ethnogenesis,” online at www.poemhunter.com/quotations/famous.asp?people=Henry%20Timrod; also quoted in Malvina Waring, “A Confederate Girl’s Diary, March 9, 1865,” in Mrs. Thomas Taylor et al., eds., South Carolina Women in the Confederacy (Columbia, S.C.: State Co., 1903), vol. 1, p. 280.
48. Presbytery and Ford quoted in Daniel W. Stowell, Rebuilding Zion: The Religious Reconstruction of the South, 1863–1877 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), pp. 26–27; Mary Greenhow Lee Diary, April 15, 1865, WFCHS.
49. John Adger, “Northern and Southern Views of the Province of the Church,” Southern Presbyterian Review 16 (March 1866): 410, quoted in Noll, Civil War as a Theological Crisis, p. 78; Hoge, Moses Drury Hoge, pp. 235–37, quoted in Stowell, Rebuilding Zion, p. 40.
50. Grace Brown Elmore, A Heritage of Woe: The Civil War Diary of Grace Brown Elmore, 1861–1868, ed.