Up and Down Stairs - Jeremy Musson [173]
40. Tillyard, pp. 218–9.
41. McCarthy, pp. 218–9.
42. Arthur Young, A Tour of Ireland, first published 1780 (1925), p. 200.
43. McCarthy, pp. 120–5.
44. Tillyard, p. 218.
45. Archives of the Duke of Northumberland Estates at Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 164 and 121, with thanks to archivist Chris Hunwick for his generous assistance in guiding me to this important material.
46. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 164(e), p. 30.
47. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 164(e), p. 44.
48. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 164(e), p. 44.
49. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 164(d), p. 1.
50. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 164(d), p. 2.
51. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 164(d), p. 4.
52. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 164(d), pp. 23–5.
53. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 121(92), p. 43.
54. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 121(63), p. 239.
55. Alnwick Castle, DNP MS 121(63), p. 231.
56. Mortlock, p. 206.
57. Jonas Hanway, Eight Letters to His Grace the Duke of — on the custom of Vails-Giving in England (1760), pp. 1–9.
58. Turner, pp. 51–3.
59. Michael Blount II to his son, 1 February 1761, Blount MSS, of Mapledurham House, Berkshire, with especial thanks to archivist Dr R.G. Williams for generously allowing me access to his extensive transcripts.
60. Hainsworth, p. 15.
61. Christie, p. 179; Adrian Tinniswood, The Polite Tourist: Four Centuries of Country House Visiting (1998).
62. Isaac Ware, A Complete Body of Architecture (1756–7), reprinted 1971, Book III.
63. Ware, Book III, p. 406.
64. Ware, Book III, p. 411.
65. Ware, Book III, p. 412.
66. Ware, Book III, p. 413.
67. Information from Mr Rodney Melville.
68. Girouard, Life in the Country House, p. 219; Hardyment, p. 43.
69. Christine Hiskey, ‘Downstairs – the Servants and their Life’, in Leo Schmidt (ed.), Holkham (2006), pp. 181–5 (afterwards Hiskey).
70. Hiskey, p. 181.
71. Hiskey, p. 185.
72. Hiskey, p. 181.
73. Hiskey, p. 185.
74. Hiskey pp. 181–6.
75. Tessa Murdoch (ed.), Noble Households: Eighteenth-Century Inventories of Great English Houses: A Tribute to John Cornforth (2006), pp. 56–7.
76. Murdoch, p. 57.
77. Murdoch, p. 255.
78. Murdoch, pp. 58 and 255.
79. Murdoch, pp. 280–1.
Chapter 5: The Apogee
1. Servant’s Practical Guide (1880), quoted in Horne, Rise and Fall, p. 17.
2. Nathaniel Parker Willis, Pencillings by the Way (1844), pp. 444–5.
3. Booker T. Washington, Up from Slavery (1901), p. 286.
4. F.M.L. Thompson, English Landed Society in the Nineteenth Century (1964), pp. 122–4 and 186–97.
5. Jessica Gerard, Country House Life: Family and Servants 1815–1914 (1994) pp. 190–91 (afterwards Gerard).
6. H.G. Wells, An Experiment in Autobiography (1934), p. 110.
7. Sambrook, Keeping Their Place, pp. 201–4.
8. Wells, Experiment in Autobiography, p. 110.
9. Wells, Experiment in Autobiography, p. 110.
10. Eric Horne, What the Butler Winked at (1923), p. 65.
11. Wells, Experiment in Autobiography, pp. 136–8.
12. H.G. Wells, Tono-Bungay (first published 1909) (1964) Pan edition, p. 14.
13. Wells, Tono-Bungay, p. 18.
14. Sambrook, Keeping Their Place, p. 203.
15. Sambrook, Keeping Their Place, p. 204.
16. Samuel and Sarah Adams, The Complete Servant (1825) (afterwards cited as Adams); see also the modern reprint by Southover Press, 1989, edited by Anne Haly with an introduction by Pamela Horn.
17. Isabella Beeton, The Book of Household Management (1861) (afterwards Beeton), reprinted in facsimile in 1985; it also can be seen at www.mrsbeeton.com.
18. Adams, p. ii.
19. Adams, p. iii.
20. Wilton Household Regulations, typescript, p. 1, 2053 Wiltshire and Swindon Record Office; my thanks to John Martin Robinson for drawing my attention to the Wilton papers.
21. Wilton Household Regulations, typescript, p. 1.
22. Hartcup, p. 128.
23. Hartcup, p. 128.
24. Christopher Simon Sykes, Country House Camera (1980), pp. 56–61.
25. Hartcup, pp. 132