Warped Passages - Lisa Randall [242]
localized gravity see RS2
locally localized gravity (KR) 437–44
London, Fritz 196
longitude, lines of 105, 108
longitudinal polarization 198, 199
Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) 85, 162, 163, 163n
Lorentz contraction of a moving object 91
Loyd, Sam 56, 57
Luty, Markus 346–7
Lykken, Joe 336, 381–2, 402, 410, 411
M-theory 304–5, 316–17, 452
magnetic fields 146, 152, 153, 155
magnetism 6, 9, 152, 153, 154
Maldacena, Juan 449
Mandula, Jeffrey 257
Mars 85
Marsden, Ernest 126–7
Martinec, Emil 291, 330
mass 43, 43n, 45, 78, 101, 108, 114, 144, 160, 169–71, 191, 208, 210, 220, 264, 353–4, 356, 402
rescaled in the fifth dimension 399–400
small mass means larger size (quantum mechanics) 401
zero 43n, 191
see also Planck scale mass, weak scale mass
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 174, 337, 338, 434
massive objects 43, 45, 45
massless objects 43n
mathematical theories 104
matrix theory 452–3
matter 111, 112, 123, 219
Maxwell, James Clerk 9, 89, 154–5, 281
Maxwell’s laws 89
May, Michael J. 409n
medicine 27–8
Mendeleev, Dmitri 10
menorah 191, 191, 192, 194
Merli, Piergiorgio 135–6
Minkowski, Hermann 107
mirror symmetry 451–2
Missiroli, Gianfranco 136
model building 8, 63–83
molecular biology 116
molecules 76, 123
momentum 131, 143, 148, 149, 170, 353–4, 356
Montonen, Claus 310
Moon, the 85, 367
Motl, Luboš 152
Mousopoulos, Massimo 443
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans 27–8
multiverses 60, 60
muon neutrinos 175, 175, 176, 273
muons 78–9, 183
decay 94, 175, 175, 273–4
and electrons 195, 273
handedness 176
interaction 273–4
mass of 79, 94, 175, 195
negatively charged 175
and supersymmetry 273–4
and time dilation 94
Murayama, Hitoshi 346–7
Myers, Robert C. 432n
Nanopoulos, Dmitri, 348n
natural selection 162
Nelson, Ann 347
Neptune 85
neutrinos 10, 79, 166–7, 183
and electrons 202
emission 376
as examples of leptons 175
flavors 178
handedness 167, 176
and supersymmetry 263
neutrons 161
charge-neutral 76, 77, 173
decay 165, 166, 166, 167
discovered by Chadwick 127
in nucleons 10
and quarks 9, 77, 173
turned into protons 165, 165
Neveu, André 261, 262, 286
New York Times 80
Newton, Sir Isaac
inverse square law 43, 46, 48, 69, 87–8, 279, 375, 375, 398, 438
laws of motion 28–9, 85, 97; second law 96–7
see also gravitational force law
Newtonian gravitational attraction 111
Newtonian physics 92, 118, 354, 419
nongravitational forces 148, 161, 177, 248, 255, 405, 406
North Pole 105, 106
nucleons 10, 76, 287
nucleus 76, 77, 126–7, 162, 287, 366
Oersted, Hans 152–3
old quantum theory 119, 120, 126, 128, 131
Olive, David 262, 310
orbital angular momentum 146n
Ovrut, Burt 332
Oxford supersymmetry conference (1998) 336, 363
Oxford University 443
p-branes 51, 309–10
Papazouglou, Antonios 443
parallel postulate (Euclid’s fifth postulate) 104, 105
parallel universes 2, 60–61, 83
parity violation 164, 165, 293
particle accelerators 177, 179, 181, 189, 295, 356, 359
particle colliders 8, 69, 94, 160–61, 176, 179, 180, 181, 184, 241, 255, 269, 276, 329, 350, 352, 357, 359, 360, 373, 413, 429
searches for extra dimensions 376–81, 407–11, 457–8
particle physics 35, 49, 51, 76, 83, 116, 301
Standard Model see Standard Model of particle physics
particles
associated with waves 130–37
bosons or fermions 146–8, 149
charged 159, 165, 323, 324, 325
decay 176, 181–2, 241
Delta 171
on different branes 342
effective theory 29–30
elementary see elementary particles
energy 221, 223, 225
eta 171
and GUT 234
heavy 79, 160, 177, 179, 181, 187, 225, 244, 247
Higgs 211, 212, 219, 476n20
and Higgs mechanism 204
high-energy 143, 202
interaction 227, 228, 238, 241, 342
interaction strength 221, 233
intermediate or internal 157
intrinsic spin 146, 164
known fundamental particles 174–8
left-handed 164–5, 292
masses 221, 252, 350, 376, 386
massless 170, 177, 324
matter 79, 79
muon 78–9
pion 171, 173
probability of finding 131, 132
quantum paths 148–9
range of 207
right-handed 164–5, 292
sequestered 342
Standard