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proportions awaits. To acknowledge the danger we face is to make learning—and perhaps even a course change—possible. To willfully ignore the danger is to become complicit in the destruction of what most Americans profess to hold dear. We, too, must choose.

NOTES

INTRODUCTION: SLOW LEARNER

1. Henry Adams, Democracy, Esther, Mont Saint Michel and Chartres, The Education of Henry Adams (New York, 1983), p. 1066. This is the Library of America edition.

2. “Table of U.S. Nuclear Weapons, 1945–2002,” Natural Resources Defense Council, http://www.nrdc.org/nuclear/nudb/datab9.asp.

3. Henry R. Luce, “The American Century,” Life, February 7, 1941.

1. THE ADVENT OF SEMIWAR

1. “President-Elect Obama’s Grant Park Speech,” November 5, 2008, http://blogs.suntimes.com/sweet/2008/11/obamas_grant_park_speech.html.

2. “Foreign Policy Address at the Council on Foreign Relations,” July 15, 2009, http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2009a/july/126071.htm.

3. “Transcript of Theodore Roosevelt’s Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine,” December 6, 1904, http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=old&doc=56&page=transcript.

4. Tony Capaccio, “Congress Approves $636.3 Billion Defense Measure,” December 19, 2009, http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601209&sid=aCyW2U1Ze0uY. Among the expenditures not included in this appropriation are those related to nuclear weapons programs, veterans’ benefits, covert operations, and the costs of expanding the war in Afghanistan. Total military outlays surpass $700 billion—and that qualifies as a conservative estimate.

5. “Number of American Servicemen and Women Stationed Overseas,” May 28, 2008, http://www.ppionline.org/ppi_ci.cfm?knlgAreaID=108&subsecID=900003&contentID=254647.

6. Department of Defense Base Structure Report, Fiscal Year 2008, http://www.acq.osd.mil/ie/download/bsr/BSR2008Baseline.pdf. This report does not count classified facilities of which there are many.

7. The phrase is Chalmers Johnson’s from his book The Sorrows of Empire (New York, 2004).

8. U.S. Pacific Command vision statement, http://www.pacom.mil/web/site_pages/uspacom/regional%20map.shtml.

9. Gen. David Petraeus, “Posture Statement” (testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee), April 1, 2009, http://www.centcom.mil/en/about-centcom/posture-statement/.

10. “Mission,” http://www.eucom.mil/english/mission.asp.

11. “AFRICOM Mission,” http://www.africom.mil/AboutAFRICOM.asp.

12. “Our Goals,” http://www.southcom.mil/AppsSC/pages/ourMission.php.

13. “Overview,” http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/nssrm/initiatives/usspace.htm.

14. “Exercises and Other Engagements,” http://www.pacom.mil/web/site_pages/uspacom/facts.shtml.

15. “U.S. Strategic Command,” http://www.stratcom.mil/.

16. Michael J. Hogan, A Cross of Iron: Harry S. Truman and the Origins of the National Security State, 1945–1954 (Cambridge, England, 1998), p. 74.

17. Roger Morris, “Take the Myth and Mystery Out of Foreign Policy,” New York Times, January 29, 1980, p. A19.

18. “Eisenhower’s Farewell Address to the Nation,” January 17, 1961, http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/ike.htm.

19. This sketch of Dulles and the CIA draws on the following works: James Srodes, Allen Dulles: Master of Spies (New York, 1999); Evan Thomas, The Very Best Men: Four Who Dared (New York, 1995); and Tim Weiner, Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA (New York, 2007).

20. Srodes, Allen Dulles, p. 457.

21. Cabell Phillips, “Allen Dulles of the ‘Silent Service,’ ” New York Times Magazine, March 29, 1953, p. SM12.

22. “The Man with the Innocent Air,” Time, August 3, 1953, pp. 12–15.

23. Srodes, Allen Dulles, p. 439.

24. Srodes, Allen Dulles, p. 384.

25. William Colby, Honorable Men (New York, 1978), p. 73.

26. Allen Dulles, The Craft of Intelligence (New York, 1963), p. 54.

27. Dulles, The Craft of Intelligence, pp. 44, 50.

28. Thomas, The Very Best Men, p. 37.

29. Dulles, The Craft of Intelligence, p. 264.

30. Weiner, Legacy of Ashes, p. 76.

31. This sketch of LeMay and SAC draws on the following works: William S. Borgiasz, The Strategic Air Command: Evolution