World on Fire - Brownstein, Michael [167]
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9. For further reading on Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia), see David Blair, Degrees in Violence (London and New York: Continuum, 2002), and Robert Blake, A History of Rhodesia (London: Eyre Methuen, 1977).
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10. Jeremy Hardy, “Farming Today,” Guardian (London), April 8, 2000, p. 22.
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11. See “State lists 57 more white farms for Mugabe land grab,” Deutsche Presse-Agentur, September 15, 2000, and Simon Baynham, “Redistribution of Land Angers Many,” Jane’s Intelligence Review, February 1, 1998, p. 13.
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12. My account of Cholmondeley and the decadent years of Kenya’s Happy Valley is based on James Fox, White Mischief (New York: Random House, 1982). See also Louise Tunbridge, “Whites take up politics ‘to halt Kenya’s decay,’” Daily Telegraph, December 23, 1997, p. 19.
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13. My description of the Kenyan Cowboys draws on Danna Harman, “Past echoes in infamous Kenyan club,” Christian Science Monitor, February 15, 2001, p. 1. On the Leakeys, see Tunbridge, “Whites take up politics ‘to halt Kenya’s decay,’” p. 19, and “Big-game safari,” The Economist, July 31, 1999.
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14. John M. Cohen, “Ethnicity, Foreign Aid, and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Kenya” (Development Discussion Paper 520, Harvard Institute for International Development, November 1995). See also Paul Kennedy, African Capitalism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988); Frank Holmquist and Michael Ford, “Kenya: State and Civil Society the First Year after the Election,” Africa Today 41 (1994): 5–25; and Shin-wha Lee and Anne Pitsch, “Kikuyu, Kisii, Luhya, and Luo in Kenya,” October 1999, http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/mar/kenkik.htm.
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15. See Bill Berkeley, “An Encore for Chaos?” Foreign Affairs, February 1996.
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16. For a wonderful description of the Onitsha Marketplace, and Africa generally, a must-read is Ryszard Kapu´sci´nski, The Shadow of the Sun, Klara Glowczewska, trans. (New York and Toronto: Alfred A. Knopf, 2001), pp. 298–305.
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17. See Donald L. Horowitz, Ethnic Groups in Conflict (Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1985), pp. 27–28, 154–55, 164–66, 243–49.
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18. See Ibid., pp. 112, 153, 245–46.
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19. Probably the best English source on the economically dynamic Bamiléké in Cameroon is Victor T. Le Vine, The Cameroon Federal Republic (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1971). More recent articles documenting the market dominance of the Bamiléké are James Brooke, “Informal Capitalism Grows in Cameroon,” New York Times, November 30, 1987, p. D8, and Richard Everett, “The Bamiléké—Merchant Tribe of Cameroon,” Record, August 10, 1986, p. A48.
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20. On Rwanda, see Philip Gourevitch, We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families (New York: Picador USA, 1998), especially chapter 4, and Gérard Prunier, The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide (New York: Columbia University Press, 1995), especially pp. 26–45. On Burundi, see Rene Lemarchand, Burundi: Ethnocide as Discourse and Practice (Cambridge and Washington, DC: Cambridge University Press and Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1994).
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21. An excellent discussion of the highly successful (and recently deported) Eritrean business community in Ethiopia can be found in Noah Benjamin Novogrodsky, “Identity Politics,” Boston Review, summer 1999. On the economically advanced Ewe in Togo and Chagga in Tanzania, see Horowitz, Ethnic Groups in Conflict, pp. 37, 46, 149, 152, 154, 159. On the Baganda in Uganda, see Horowitz, Ethnic Groups in Conflict, pp. 163–64; Mahmood Mamdani, Politics and Class Formation in Uganda (New York and London: