1861_ The Civil War Awakening - Adam Goodheart [248]
40. Emerson’s lecture was reprinted in The Dial, April 1844.
41. Cleveland Morning Leader, n.d. [July 1860], Library of Congress scrapbook.
42. Albany Evening Journal, July 14, 1860.
43. New York Herald, July 15, 1860.
44. Unidentified clipping, n.d. [July 1860], Library of Congress scrapbook.
45. New-York Daily Tribune, July 16, 1860.
46. Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, July 28, 1860.
47. Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, p. 7.
48. “Our New York Letter: The Zouaves in New York,” unidentified clipping in Library of Congress scrapbook, July 14, 1860.
49. Ingraham, Elmer E. Ellsworth, p. 94; misc. clippings in Library of Congress scrapbook.
50. “The Zouaves,” clipping in Library of Congress scrapbook, n.p., n.d.
51. Charles Dickens, “Naval and Military Traditions in America,” All the Year Round, June 15, 1861.
52. Cunliffe, Soldiers and Civilians, p. 245.
53. New-York Tribune, July 16, 1860.
54. [John Hay], “Ellsworth,” Atlantic Monthly, July 1861.
55. Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, July 28, 1860.
56. The simile is John Hay’s. See “Ellsworth,” Atlantic Monthly, July 1861.
57. Ingraham, Elmer E. Ellsworth, p. 97; Daily National Intelligencer, Aug. 6, 1860; Washington Star, Aug. 6, 1860.
58. New York Herald, Aug. 5, 1860.
59. Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, pp. 4–5; Ingraham, Elmer E. Ellsworth, pp. 106–07.
60. “Springfield, Illinois,” map drawn by A. Ruger, 1867.
61. Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, pp. 6–7.
62. Quoted by Ellsworth in a letter to his fiancée, Carrie Spofford, in Ingraham, Elmer E. Ellsworth, p. 54.
63. Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, p. 163.
64. Ibid., pp. 163–64.
65. Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, p. 174.
66. John Hay, “A Young Hero. Personal Reminiscences of Colonel E. E. Ellsworth.” McClure’s Magazine, March 1896, p. 354; Stephen Berry, House of Abraham: Lincoln and the Todds, a Family Divided by War (Boston, 2007), pp. 55–56.
67. Hay, “A Young Hero.”
68. Illinois State Journal, June 3, 1861, reprinted in Michael Burlingame, ed., Lincoln’s Journalist: John Hay’s Anonymous Writings for the Press, 1860–1864 (Carbondale, Ill., 1998), p. 69.
69. Chicago Tribune, May 29, 1887.
70. Atlantic Monthly, July 1861.
71. John Langdon Kaine, “Lincoln as a Boy Knew Him,” Century Magazine, vol. 85, no. 4 (Feb. 1913), p. 558.
72. Kaine, “Lincoln as a Boy Knew Him,” p. 557.
73. Philadelphia Inquirer, Apr. 13, 1861.
74. Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, pp. 221–26, citing an undated article in the Chicago Times.
75. Carl Schurz to his wife, Apr. 17, 1861, in Intimate Letters of Carl Schurz, 1841 to 1869 (Evansville, Wisc., 1929).
76. Many Union regiments in these early days of the war, and throughout the months that followed, wore gray. It wasn’t until the following year, after a few ugly incidents in which federal troops fired on their own comrades, that blue was adopted as the standard dress throughout the service. See chap. 8, infra, and Bell Irvin Wiley, The Life of Billy Yank: The Common Soldier of the Union (Indianapolis, 1952), p. 22.
77. Kenneth Stampp, And the War Came: The North and the Secession Crisis, 1860–1861 (Baton Rouge, 1950), p. 291; New York Herald, Apr. 16 and 17, 1861; New-York Tribune, Apr. 16, 1861; Alan Nevins and Milton Halsey Thomas, The Diary of George Templeton Strong (Seattle, 1988), p. 186. Bennett also published a news story denying all of the “false reports” in the local press about the riot, assuring readers that the only reason a crowd had gathered in front of the building was that New Yorkers were so eager for copies of the city’s most trusted source of news.
78. Mary A. Livermore, “War Excitement in Chicago,” in McIlvain, Reminiscences, p. 68.
79. John A. Page, “A University Volunteer,” in McIlvain, Reminiscences, p. 84.
80. Chicago Tribune, Oct. 27, 1910; “The Original Zouaves,” Chicago Post, n.d. [c. 1861], in New York State Military Museum clippings file, 11th New York Infantry, accessed at www.dmna.state.ny.us.