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21. Francis Dawson, Reminiscences of Confederate Service 1861–1865, ed. Bell I. Wiley (Baton Rouge, La., 1980) pp. 142–43.

22. Virginia Historical Society, Diary of Llewellyn Saunderson, April 1, 1865.

23. The Times, April 25, 1865.

24. Jones, A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary, p. 528, April 2, 1865.

25. The Times, April 25, 1865.

26. Edward M. Boykin, The Falling Flag: Evacuation of Richmond (New York, 1874), pp. 12–13.

27. Sallie A. Brock, Richmond During the War: Four Years of Personal Recollections (repr. Lincoln, Nebr., 1996), p. 367.

28. W. C. Ford (ed.), A Cycle of Adams Letters (Boston, 1920), vol. 2, p. 263, Charles Francis Adams, Jr., to Charles Francis Adams, April 10, 1865.

29. Lincoln and Grant had some memorable conversations during the president’s stay on the River Queen. Grant asked Lincoln about the Trent affair. Lincoln answered, “Yes, Seward studied up all the works ever written on international law, and came to cabinet meetings loaded to the muzzle with the subject. We gave due consideration to the case, but at that critical period of the war it was soon decided to deliver up the prisoners. It was a pretty bitter pill to swallow, but I contented myself with believing that England’s triumph in the matter would be short-lived, and that after ending our war successfully we would be so powerful that we could call her to account for all the embarrassment she had inflicted upon us.” Doris Kearns Goodwin, Team of Rivals (New York, 2005), p. 711.

30. A. S. Lewis (ed.), My Dear Parents (New York, 1982), p. 131, Horrocks to brother Joseph, April 8, 1865.

Chapter 38: “A True-Born King of Men”

1. Illustrated London News, May 20, 1865.

2. Michael Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln, 2 vols. (Baltimore, 2008), vol. 2, p. 793.

3. John Hay and John G. Nicolay (eds.), Abraham Lincoln: Complete Works, 2 vols. (New York, 1922), vol. 2, p. 669, Lincoln to Grant, April 6, 1865.

4. Ulysses S. Grant, Personal Memoirs of Ulysses S. Grant (New York, 2003), p. 593.

5. The Times, April 25, 1865.

6. Brian Holden Reid, Robert E. Lee (London, 2005), p. 237.

7. Virginia Historical Society, Diary of Llewellyn Saunderson, MSS5:1Sa877:1, April 6, 1865.

8. PRO FO115/448, f. 402, Henry O’Brien to Sir Frederick Bruce, June 14, 1865.

9. Francis Lawley, “The Last Six Days of Secessia,” Fortnightly Review, 2 (June 1865), pp. 1–10, at p. 7.

10. General Fitz Lee had taken a liking to Welly—because he behaved “admirably under fire” and “was bold, bright, and witty of course.” Fitzhugh Lee, General Lee (New York, 1925), p. 387.

11. Burke Davis, To Appomattox: Nine April Days, 1865 (New York, 1959), p. 282.

12. Virginia Historical Society, Diary of Llewellyn Saunderson, April 8, 1865.

13. James Ford Rhodes, History of the Civil War, 1861–1865 (New York, 1917), p. 434.

14. Frederick Maurice (ed.), An Aide de Camp of Robert E. Lee (New York, 1927), p. 273.

15. Grant, Memoirs, p. 629.

16. Lawley, “The Last Six Days of Secessia,” p. 9.

17. Jay Winik, April 1865 (New York, 2001), p. 197.

18. Duke University, Francis Dawson MSS, no. 27, Dawson to mother, April 7, 1865; Francis W. Dawson, Reminiscences of Confederate Service, 1861–1865, ed. Bell I. Wiley (Baton Rouge, La., 1980), p. 146.

19. South Carolina Historical Society, Feilden-Smythe MSS, 47, Feilden to Julia, April 6, 1865.

20. With the exception of Judah Benjamin, no one thought that this was even a remote possibility.

21. Frederick W. Seward (ed.), Seward at Washington (New York, 1891), p. 270.

22. Charles A. Dana, Recollections of the Civil War (New York, 1913), p. 274.

23. Diary of Gideon Welles, 3 vols. (Boston, 1911), vol. 2, p. 284, April 14, 1865.

24. Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln, vol. 2, p. 806.

25. Ibid., p. 814.

26. Seward, ed., Seward at Washington, p. 278.

27. I am indebted to Derek Mayhew for supplying me with this information about his ancestor. Source for the footnote is Southern Historical Society Papers, vol. 4 (Richmond, Va., 1877), ed. Rev. J. W. Jones, p. 22. Conolly’s return to Ireland