Adventures Among Ants - Mark W. Moffett [197]
amber, 119
ambrosia beetles, 254n17
anatomy: antennae, 7, 18; crop, 118; diet choices affecting, 120; feet, 135–36, 140; forelegs, 7, 234n3; group transport and, 63; oral detritus pocket, 188, 192, 196, 257n3, 258n17; overview, 7, 9; waist, 7, 234n1 (primer). See also eyes and vision; glands; mandibles
Anoplolepis, 207, 260n11
ant birds, 98, 244n4
ant bites. See bites and stings
ant butterflies, 98
antennae, 7, 18
ant flies, 98
ant gardens, 121–22, 214, 247n3, 250n23, 261n8
ant “guests,” 154, 213, 214, 232, 260n5
anthropomorphism, 221
antibiotics, 192, 258n14
ant plants: Cecropia trees, 124, 125; cost of mutualism to, 258n30; defined, 124; evolution of to support ants, 145; mites and, 251n36; mosaics and, 132; nectaries, 119, 183, 256n69; pitcher plants, 143; pruning and clearing, 129–32, 130, 132, 194, 249n34, 258n28; as two-way relationship, 182, 194–95, 258–59nn25, 28, 30; vegetarianism and, 172. See also plant mutualisms
ant rain, 137
ants as food, 73, 112, 144, 186
aphids. See Homoptera farming
Argentine ants (Linepithema humile): boundary shifts, 204; combativeness of, 203–5, 203, 208–9, 210–11, 215, 219–20, 219, 260n12, 263n32; ecosystems, damage to, 205–7, 207, 211; fire ants, conflicts with, 219–20, 219, 263n32; foraging by, 212, 260n22; genetic diversity of, 216–17, 260n15, 261nn9, 20; group identity, 215–17, 261–62nn15– 17, 20, 21, 22, 26; group transport, lack of, 212; jump dispersal of, 209–11, 217, 218, 260n15; Lake Hodges Colony, 204, 205, 210; males, 216, 262n22; migration of, 210–11; minimal division of labor in, 212; odor and colony identity, 215–16, 262n26; pheromones of, 212, 260n20; queens, 204, 210, 215, 216, 217, 261n17; polymorphism, lack of, 212; range of, 205, 206, 209–11, 220, 230–31, 259n2, 260n11, 260n15; rapid dominance military practices of, 212, 261–62n20; seminomadism of, 211; size of colonies, 9; societies of, as species, 217–18, 262nn26, 27, 28; as stingless, 206; as “sugar ant,” 208; supercolonies of, 204, 206, 211, 216, 218, 261n9, 262n21; taxonomy of, 259n2; territoriality of, 204, 209, 211; trails of, 212, 260n20; as unicolonial, 202, 204, 211–12, 215, 260n18, 262n21; Very Large Colony, 204, 205, 210, 216, 217, 261–62n20; water and, 209, 211, 260n17; weight of colonies, 204
armadillos, 171
army ants: absence of slavery in, 253n10; blindness of, 20; as carnivores, 45; colony foundation by, 60; colony growth, 238n33; colony size, 90; culling vs. eliminating prey, 81–82; decentralized authority, 34–35; defense, 91; eating of social insects by, 47, 243n3 (ch. 8); fear of, 16; foraging groups, defined, 20; group transport by, 76, 98, 105; home, knowing direction of, 239n32; human home invasions, 19, 88; lack of autonomy, 112; leafcutter ant predation by, 186; migration of, 59–60, 81–82, 90, 103–4, 240n15, 243n10; nesting behavior of, 59, 229; pheromone foraging communication, 237nn13, 14; queens, 61, 90; reproduction, 60–61, 229, 264n38; seeds and, 90, 243n8; solitary actions of, defined, 20, 236n15; speed of, 85; sting lacking in most species, 16; as superorganism, 31, 85, 229; syndrome, 235n11 (ch. 1); as term, 235nn3, 11 (ch. 1); territory not a factor for, 132; tracking prey, 84–85; trunk trails of, 84, 91, 100, 245n247; vertebrates as prey, 98; weaver ants compared to, 120. See also Dorylus; mass foraging by army ants; superorganisms
artificial selection, 188, 189, 197
assembly lines. See task partitioning
atom ant (Carebara atoma), 143, 144
Atta. See leafcutter ants
autonomy/freedom of movement: Argentine ants and, 212, 260n22; army ants and lack of, 112, 236n12 (ch. 2); marauder ants and, 30, 236nn15, 16; superorganisms and, 31, 229; weaver ants and, 112. See also decentralized control
Azteca, 124, 125
babblers, recruitment by, 33
bacteria: and leafcutters, 192, 258n19; mass