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By Root 1427 0

operational control in battle, 305, 308; appoints Zhukov Deputy Supreme Commander, 307; and Battle of Stalingrad, 309; appointed marshal, 320; successes, 322; not informed of Ultra, 368; orders frontal assaults after Kursk victory, 393; deports ethnic minorities, 496; amnesties Poles, 498; derides Western Allies for feebleness, 533; on pursuit of Germans, 546; welcomes Allied war in West, 588; sanctions pillage and rape by Red Army, 605, 629; final confrontation with Hitler, 608; claims capture of Berlin, 613; victory ceremony in Berlin, 630; promises attack on Manchuria, 646; incompatability with West, 659, 661; learns from mistakes, 662; consequences of policies, 665; controls Soviet military machine, 665; interferes with generals, 668; see also Soviet Russia

Stalingrad: German defeat, 165, 320–1, 380; German advance on, 302–3, 305–7; Zhukov takes command at, 307–8; Battle of (1942–3), 308–11, 315–18; casualties, 320–1; effect of victory on Red Army morale, 320

Stanford-Tuck, Bob, 84

Starczyński, Stefan, 11, 17, 22

Stark, Adm. Harold (‘Betty’), 185, 199

Starr, Lt.Col. George, 406

Starvation, Operation, 638

Stauffenberg, Col. Claus von, 551

Steinbeck, John, 184, 197, 336

Steinhilper, Ulrich, 85, 87, 89

Stevens, Kenneth, 348

Stewart, Ian, 122

Stilwell, Gen. Joseph, 223–4, 559–60, 634

Stimson, Henry Lewis, 187, 647

Stockwell, Laurie, 471

Stoneman, Eva, 403

Storrie, Col. Carl, 651

Straub, Ruth, 232

Street, Arthur, 29, 91

Striem, Solomon, 524

Strong, Maj. Gen. Kenneth, 591

Stroop, Lt.Cdr. Paul, 238–9

Stuka dive bombers (German), 82

Stülpnagel, Karl-Heinrich von, 511

Stumme, Georg von, 122

submarines: US effectiveness against Japan, 558–9, 640; see also U-boats

Suchcitz, Andrzej, 17

Suffolk, Charles Henry George Howard, 20th Earl of (‘Wild Jack’), 95–6

Sullivan, Mr and Mrs Thomas (of Waterloo, Iowa), 262

Sumatra: Churchill proposes operations in, 559

Sumiya, Lt., 216

Sun Li-jen, Gen., 223

Suner, Serrano, 112

Superfortress (US B-29 bomber), 637–9

Suppanz, Emmy, 576

Surcouf (French submarine), 80

Surkov, Lt., 395

Swaminadhan, Kashmi, 415

Sweden: iron ore supplies to Germany, 39, 49;

Molotov’s interest in, 98–9; neutrality, 398–9

Switzerland: neutrality, 398; wartime profits and appropriations, 399–400

Swordfish torpedo bombers, 285

Syfret, Vice-Adm. Edward, 295

Syria: French in, 107, 124–5; British occupation resisted, 125–8

T4 euthanasia programme (Nazi), 507

T-34 tanks (Soviet), 166–7, 179, 322, 381, 390

tactical air forces (Allied), 664

Tadao, Hayashi, 201

Tadimichi, Lt.Gen. Kuibayashi, 201

Takahashi, Maj. Shoji, 638, 651

Takenonori, Nakao, 644

Takeo, Kasuga, 642–3

Takushima, Norimitsu, 643

Takushiro, Col. Hattori, 672

tanks: in North African campaign, 129; in Battle of Kursk, 387–9; German superiority in Normandy, 540; see also T-34 tanks; Tiger tanks

Tapscott, Robert, 277

Taranto, Battle of (1940), 294

Tarasevichi, Russia, 384

Tarawa, Gilbert Islands, 436–8

Tarczyński, Piotr, 5, 7, 13

Tassarfonga Point (Pacific), 262

Tatsuro, Lt. Izumiya, 196, 220

Tedder, Air Marshal Sir Arthur, 667

Tehran conference (1943), 588

Telegin, Grigory, 385

Teller, Edward, 648

Temkin, Gabriel, 152

Tennant, Capt. William, 207

Tewes, Ernst, 160

Thach, Jimmy, 249–50

Thapa, Sherbadur, 457

Thiaroye, near Dakar, 411

Thomas, Sir Shenton, 203, 210

Thompson, Pfc ‘Red’, 329

Thorpe, Capt. Norman, 212

Thue, Col. David, 48

Tiger tanks (German), 445, 449, 540

Times, The: on sympathy for Poland, 17

Timoshenko, Gen. Semyon, 301

Tito, Marshal Josip Broz, 465–9, 629

Tobruk, 114–15, 128–9, 131, 137–8, 294, 364, 411

Todt, Fritz, 163

Toffey, Lt.Col. Jack, 456, 528

Tojo, Gen. Hideki, 195

Tokayer, Alfred, 404

Tokyo: bombed by USA, 237, 429, 638; war crimes trials, 672

Tolstukhin, Aleksei, 383

Tomlin, Christopher, 51

Tootle, Ensign Milton, 251

Tooze, Adam, 352, 483–4, 504

Topp, Erich, 278–9

Torch, Operation, 282, 298, 365, 375–6

Torgau, 612

Toru, Takase, 500

Tout, Ken, 541

Tovey, Adm. Sir John, 290

Toyoda, Adm. Soemu, 565–7

Trapp, Maj. Wilhelm, 521

Trevelyan, George Macaulay,