Arrival City_ How the Largest Migration in History Is Reshaping Our World - Doug Saunders [170]
17 Deboarah Fahy Bryceson, “Deagrarianization and Rural Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Sectoral Perspective,” World Development 24, no. 1 (1996); Vali Jamal and John Weeks, “The Vanishing Rural–Urban Gap in Sub-Saharan Africa,” International Labour Review 127, no. 3 (1988).
18 See, for example, Robert Fishman, “Global Suburbs,” in First Biennial Conference of the Urban History Association (Pittsburgh: 2002); Elisabeth Rosenthal, “Chinese Town’s Main Export: Its Young Men,” The New York Times, June 26, 2000.
19 Roger Ballard, “A Case of Capital Rich Under-Development: The Paradoxical Consequences of Successful Transnational Entrepreneurship from Mirpur,” Contributions to Indian Sociology 37, no. 49–81 (2003): 41.
20 The most comprehensive exploration of the farm-size issue is found in Michael Lipton, Land Reform in Developing Countries: Property Rights and Property Wrongs (Abington: Routledge, 2009), 65–120.
5 THE FIRST GREAT MIGRATION
1 Jeanne Bouvier, Mes Memoires, ed. Daniel Armogathe (Paris: Editions de la Découverte, 1983), English translation from Mark Traugott, ed., The French Worker: Autobiographies from the Early Industrial Era (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993), 367–81.
2 Tilly, “Migration in Modern European History,” 58.
3 William H. McNeill, “Human Migration: A Historical Overview,” in Human Migration: Patterns & Policies, eds. William H. McNeill and Ruth S. Adams (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978), 6.
4 Mary Dorothy George, London Life in the Eighteenth Century (Chicago: Academy, 1985), 25–26.
5 William H. McNeill, Population and Politics since 1750 (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1990), 9–10.
6 Olwen H. Hufton, The Poor of Eighteenth-Century France 1750–1789 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1974), 99–101.
7 George Rudé, “Society and Conflict in London and Paris in the Eighteenth Century,” in Paris and London in the 18th Century (London: Wm. Collins, 1974), 35–36.
8 Rudé, “The Social Composition of the Parisian Insurgents of 1789–91,” in Paris and London in the 18th Century, 104–109.
9 McNeill, Population and Politics since 1750, 11.
10 Rudé, “Society and Conflict in London and Paris in the Eighteenth Century,” 53–55.
11 S. L. Popkin, “The Rational Peasant: The Political Economy of Peasant Society,” Theory and Society 9 (1980); Patrick Svensson, “Peasants and Entrepreneurship in the Nineteenth-Century Agricultural Transformation of Sweden,” Social Science History 30, no. 3 (2006).
12 Jonathan David Chambers and G. E. Mingay, The Agricultural Revolution, 1750–1880 (London: B.T. Batsford, 1968), 104.
13 Eugen Weber, Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870–1914 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1976), 10. This is also very well documented in Graham Robb, The Discovery of France (London: Picador, 2007).
14 For claims of Britain’s superior living standards, see Tom Kemp, Economic Forces in French History (London: Dobson, 1971); Charles P. Kindleberger, Economic Growth in France and Britain, 1851–1950 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964). For more recent, nuanced arguments about this distinction, see Patrick Karl O’Brien, “Path Dependency, or Why Britain Became an Industrialized and Urbanized Economy Long before France,” Economic History Review XLIX, no. 2 (1996): 213.
15 Karl Marx, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (New York: International Publishers, 1963).
16 Joseph Rykwert, The Seduction of Place: The History and Future of the City (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 78.
17 John Burnett, ed., Useful Toil: Autobiographies of Working People from the 1820s to the 1920s (London: Allen Lane, 1974), cited in White, London in the Nineteenth Century, 106.
18 White, London in the Nineteenth Century, 107.
19 Ibid., 206.
20 Anthony S. Wohl, The Eternal Slum: Housing and Social Policy in Victorian London (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction