Been in the Storm So Long_ The Aftermath of Slavery - Leon F. Litwack [457]
4. Ravenel, Private Journal, 269; William Henry Stiles to Elizabeth Anne Mackay, Sept. 22, 1865, Mackay-Stiles Collection, Univ. of North Carolina; Kolchin, First Freedom, 23.
5. Donald MacRae to Julia MacRae, Sept. 4, 1865, MacRae Papers, Duke Univ.; Dennett, The South As It Is, 83–84
6. Ibid., 26.
7. Rawick (ed.), American Slave, V: Texas Narr. (Part 4), 50; IX: Ark. Narr. (Part 3), 156; Abraham to “My Dear Master” [Joseph Glover], May 15, 1865, and John W. Burbidge to Joseph Glover, June 26, 1865, Glover-North Papers, Univ. of South Carolina; Knox, Camp-fire and Cotton Field, 374.
8. Rev. John Hamilton Cornish, Ms. Diary, entry for June 19, 1865, Univ. of North Carolina. See also Rawick (ed.), American Slave, XI: Mo. Narr., 272–73.
9. Knox, Camp-fire and Cotton Field, 337; New York Times, Feb. 12, 1865; Bell I. Wiley, “Vicissitudes of Early Reconstruction Farming in the Lower Mississippi Valley,” Journal of Southern History, III (1937), 451–52.
10. Loring and Atkinson, Cotton Culture and the South, 5, 6, 9, 11, 22, 106, 109–10; Trowbridge, The South, 391, 392; Myers (ed.), Children of Pride, 1309; New York Times, April 12, 1867; Kolchin, First Freedom, 9; Easterby (ed.), South Carolina Rice Plantation, 330. Most of the volume by Loring and Atkinson consists of responses by cotton planters to a circular asking for “detailed facts and opinions relative to the labor, the methods of cotton culture, and the general condition and capacities of the South.”
11. Loring and Atkinson, Cotton Culture and the South, 10.
12. Ibid, 8; Edward Barnwell Heyward to “Tat” [Catherine Maria Clinch Heyward], May 5, 1867, Heyward Family Papers, Univ. of South Carolina; William E. Bayley to Commanding Officer, July 3, 1865, Records of the Assistant Commissioners, Mississippi (Letters Received), Freedmen’s Bureau.
13. Loring and Atkinson, Cotton Culture and the South, 4, 110. See also William Henry Stiles to Elizabeth Anne Mackay, Sept. 22, 1865, Mackay-Stiles Collection, and Samuel A. Agnew, Ms. Diary, entry for July 24, 1865, Univ. of North Carolina; George Parliss to Lt. Stuart Eldridge, April 9, 1866, Records of the Assistant Commissioners, Mississippi (Letters Received), Freedmen’s Bureau; Wilmer Shields to William Newton Mercer, July 10, 1866, Mercer Papers, Louisiana State Univ.
14. Leigh, Ten Years on a Georgia Plantation, 24–26, 57.
15. Wiley, “Vicissitudes of Early Reconstruction Farming in the Lower Mississippi Valley,” 449–50; Avary, Dixie after the War, 189–90. See also Wilmer Shields to William Newton Mercer, Sept. 20, 1865, Mercer Papers, Louisiana State Univ.
16. Reid, After the War, 460–64.
17. Jordan, Hugh Davis and His Alabama Plantation, 151–62. Similar frustrations are described in Elias Horry Deas to Anne Deas, Oct. 20, 1866, Deas Papers, Univ. of South Carolina.
18. Andrews, The South since the War, 22; Mary C. Simms Oliphant, Alfred Taylor Odell, and T. C. Duncan Eaves (eds.), The Letters of William Gilmore Simms (5 vols.; Columbia, S.C., 1952–56), IV, 557, 567, 602; W. W. Bateman to John L. Manning, Aug. 2, 1865, Williams-Chesnut-Manning Papers, Univ. of South Carolina; Grace B. Elmore, Ms. Diary, entry for March 4, 1865, Univ. of North Carolina; John Moore to Mrs. Joseph R. Snyder, Oct. 11, 1866, Kean-Prescott Papers, Univ. of North Carolina; Trowbridge, The South, 118–19; Dennett, The South As It Is, 42, 78, 191; Reid, After the War, 164–65, 186, 298, 318; 39 Cong., 1 Sess., Senate Exec. Doc. 2, “Report of Carl Schurz on the States of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana,” in Message of the President of the United States, 16–17, 27; National Freedman, I (Aug. 15, 1865), 224; De Forest, Union Officer in the Reconstruction, 100–01.
19. Loring and Atkinson, Cotton Culture and the South, 4, 6, 13.
20. New York Times, Dec 31, 1861; Christian Recorder, June 17, 1865; Macrae, Americans at Home, 324.
21. Dennett, The South As It Is, 191; Leigh, Ten Years on a Georgia Plantation, 55.
22. Waterbury, Seven Years