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By Root 789 0

established as Jewish homeland, 88–92; Arab anti-British and anti-Jewish violence in, 91, 94–6; Jewish immigration, 91, 93; ideological Jewish movements in, 92–3; industrial unrest, 94; partition proposed, 94; Jewish immigration restricted by British, 97, 106; refugee immigrants, 98; wartime opposition to British, 98–9; Jewish anti-British terrorism in, 101–7; Arab-Jewish conflict in, 106–11; Police transferred to Malaya, 106; settlements Hebraised, 110; British leave, 148–9; Inter Services Intelligence (ISI), 369; see also Israel

Palestine Liberation Movement (Harakat Tahrir Filastin), 133–4

Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO): Fatah takes over, 136; corruption in, 150; crushed in Jordan, 155–6, 179; relations with PFLP, 155; in Lebanon, 157; and Black September, 158; recruits join after Munich massacre, 167; disbands Black September, 177–8; breakaway factions, 178; defeat and casualties in Lebanon, 182–4, 380; Abu Nidal’s campaign against moderates, 183; attacks Israel from Lebanon, 184–5; recognised by USA, 185; leaves Lebanon, 186; Baader-Meinhof gang train with, 238–9; US interest in, 380; differences with Palestinians, 381; and first Intifada, 383–8; rivalry with Hamas, 387–8; accepts state of Israel, 388; as umbrella organisation, 457

Palestinian National Council, 136, 388

Palestinians: as refugees, 110, 135; train in Egypt, 136; refugees and groups in Jordan, 152–4; factions, 153, 385; attacks on Israel from Lebanon, 157; prisoners released on exchange by Israelis, 161, 381; Mossad’s assassinations against, 169–71; moderates negotiate with Israel, 178; conflict with Israel, 380; Intifadas, 380, 382–5, 387, 391, 394–5; in Gaza Strip, 381; Israeli repression of, 383

Pallas, Paulino, 83

Palmach (Jewish organisation), 101–2

Pan-African Congress, 141–2, 144

Pankisi Gorge, Chechnya, 463

Panzieri, Raniero, 194

Parachute Regiment (British): and Bloody Sunday (1972), 299; members killed by Provisional IRA, 324

Paris: Fenianism in, 3–4, 18; Commune (1871), 68; Algerian OAS terrorism in, 130–1; Saudi diplomats captured by Abu Nidal, 179; Carlos the Jackal’s actions in, 180; Red Army Faction based in, 257; Al Qaeda targets in, 464

Parnell, Charles Stewart, 2, 11

Parry, Timothy, 336

Parsons, Albert, 74–8

Parsons, Lucy, 74

Parti du Peuple Algerien, 112

Partisan Action Groups (Italy), 191, 199

Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI; Italian Communist Party), 191

Pasadren (Iranian organisation), 348, 389

Pasqua, Charles, 284, 412

passive resistance, 138

Patria (ship), 98

Patten Report (on Northern Ireland police), 338

Paul VI, Pope, 210–12, 275

Pavis (Irish flautist), 305

Pavlov, Ivan: The Purification of Mankind, 62

Pearl, Daniel, 443

Pearse, Padraig, 19–20, 24–5, 345

Peci, Patrizio, 214–17

Peci, Roberto, 218

Peckinpah, Sam, 204

Peel, William Robert Wellesley, 1st Earl:

Palestine Commission (1936–7), 94, 96

Peirce, Gareth, 482

Pennsylvania: suicide aircraft crashes (9/11), 447

Pentagon, Washington: attacked (9/11), 447

People’s Democracy (Northern Ireland), 292

People’s Justice (Russian organisation), 38

People’s Will (Russian organisation), 47–8, 50–5, 59, 61

Peres, Shimon, 391

Pertini, Sandro, 212

Peshawar: Arabs in, 371–2

Petain, Marshal Philippe, 112

Peters, Ralph, 508

Petraeus, David, 503

PFLP-Special Commando, 250

Philippeville, Algeria, 115

Philippines, 425, 427, 455–6

Phillips, Ivan Lloyd, 105

Phoenix Park murders (Dublin, 1882), 14, 72

Pilger, John, 418

Pilsudski, Marshal Jozef, 55–6, 92

Pinelli, Giuseppe, 189

Pinkerton Detective Agency, 73

Pinter, Harold, 418

Pisacane, Carlo, 67

Pisheh, Zenab Armend, 469

Pissarro, Camille, 82

Plawan (island), 455

Plekhanov, Georgy, 46, 54

PNV see Basque National Party Pohl, Helmut, 261

Poland: under Tsarist Russian rule, 27–8; and Jewish settlers in Palestine, 92–3

Police Service of Northern Ireland: formed, 338

Politkovskaya, Anna, 408

Pollock, Jackson, 482

Pompidou, Georges, 129

Pontecorvo, Gillo, 118, 122

Ponto, Jurgen, 251–2, 262

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), 135, 153, 155, 158, 160, 178

Populism: