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25 The astonished Chinnis Ibid., pp. 305–6.

26 After his story became known Ibid., pp. 335–36.

27 But according to journalists Ibid., p. 335.

28 Eve Sedgwick explains this anger Sedgwick, Epistemology of the Closet, pp. 75–76.

29 “the holocaustal with the intimate” Ibid., p. 76.

30 If Chinnis had put Jeffries, Powell, p. 522.

31 Justice Powell later admitted Ibid., p. 530. He said, “ ‘I think I probably made a mistake in that one … so far as I’m concerned it’s just a part of my past and not very important.… I don’t suppose I’ve devoted half an hour’ to thinking about the decision since it was made.” Ruth Marcus, “Powell Regrets Backing Sodomy Law,” Washington Post, October 26, 1990, p. A3.

32 Faderman recounts Bunny MacCulloch interview with Johnnie Phelps, 1982, quoted in Faderman, Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers, p. 118.

33 Powell was famous for hiring Murdoch & Price, Courting Justice, pp. 275, 335–37.

34 Not until the formulation Policy Concerning Homosexuality in the Armed Forces, U.S. Code 10 (1994), § 654.

35 Passing is often associated with death See Henry Louis Gates Jr., Figures in Black: Words, Signs, and the “Racial” Self (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987), p. 202.

36 Literal death was met with silence By the end of 1986, 29,003 cases of AIDS in the United States had been reported to the CDC, and 16,301 deaths had been reported (though reporting was incomplete). Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, “AIDS Weekly Surveillance Report 1—United States AIDS Program,” December 29, 1986, p. 5, http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats/surveillance86.pdf. “In 1986 … the Columbia Journalism Review noted that the New York Times had cited AIDS as a cause of death in only a handful of obits; similar patterns were found in the Miami Herald, the Los Angeles Times, and most other large and small newspapers.” Larry Gross, Contested Closets: The Politics and Ethics of Outing (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993), p. 53, citing Alexis Jetter, “AIDS and the Obits,” Columbia Journalism Review (July/August 1986): 14–16. One notable exception to this trend was to be found in the Bay Area Reporter in San Francisco. During the explosion of AIDS cases in the mid-1980s, the paper averaged a dozen AIDS obituaries a week, and they covered two or three pages. One week, there were thirty-one obituaries. David Kligman, “No AIDS Obits Is Banner News for Gay Newspaper,” Austin American-Statesman, August 15, 1998. See also C. Winick, “AIDS Obituaries in The New York Times,” AIDS & Public Policy Journal 11 (1996): 148–52.

37 Silence, in turn Mark Barnes, “Toward Ghastly Death: The Censorship of AIDS Education,” review of Social Acts, Social Consequences: AIDS and the Politics of Public Health, by Ronald Bayer and Policing Desire: Pornography, AIDS, and the Media, by Simon Watney, Columbia Law Review 89 (April 1989): 698–724.

38 As AIDS closets became coffins “With the advent of AIDS it became more difficult to maintain the practice of inning, as more and more prominent men fell ill and died, but the media cooperated in turning celebrity coffins into permanent closets.” Gross, Contested Closets, p. 53.

39 The AIDS-inspired slogans “SILENCE=DEATH” is discussed in Douglas Crimp and Adam Rolston, AIDS Demo Graphics (Seattle: Bay Press, 1990), p. 14. “We’re here, we’re queer, get used to it!” is discussed in Bruce Bawer, “Notes on Stonewall,” New Republic, June 13, 1994, pp. 24, 26.

40 The syndrome has left marks Suzanne Young argues that Kaposi’s sarcoma operates as a “visible [indicator] of a disease that remains severely stigmatizing and that is still associated with socially marginalized groups.” Suzanne Young, “Speaking of the Surface: The Texts of Kaposi’s Sarcoma,” in Homosexuality and Psychoanalysis, ed. Tim Dean and Christopher Lane (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001), pp. 322, 324.

41 In the early 1990s For example, Rita Giordano describes the outing debate in the wake of an article outing a prominent Department of Defense official in “Gays Bitter in Division