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History of Western Philosophy - Bertrand Russell [479]

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166, 192–3;

Duns Scotus 431–2;

existence distinction 535–7;

Leibniz, G. W. 535–7;

Locke, J. 557;

Plato 135–6, 137–9, 142–3, 144–5, 377;

Plotinus 277

eternal motion 36, 420

eternal truths 537

eternity:

doctrine of perpetual flux 52–3;

Heraclitus 53;

mathematics 44–5;

Plato 109

ethics:

Aquinas, St Thomas 423–4;

Aristotle 168–78;

Democritus 78;

early Christianity 311;

Hellenism 219;

Helvetius 655;

ideals 117–20;

Locke, J. 558–62, 586–7;

More, T. 479–80;

Nietzsche, F. W. 687, 688–97;

Plato 84, 109, 118–20;

Pythagoras 41–2;

romantic movement 622;

Socrates 97, 140–1;

Spinoza, B. de 522, 528–9;

Stoicism 241, 246, 253–5;

utilitarianism 655, 698–700, 701–3;

see also morality

Eucharist 439

Euclid:

Alexandria 215;

geometry 202–3;

Hobbes, T. 502;

incommensurables 43–4;

regular solids 145;

scholasticism 406

Eudoxus 201–2

eugenics:

Plato's Republic 114

Eugenius IV, Pope 445, 459

Eugenius, Emperor 317

Euripides 65, 85, 86;

Anaxagoras 68;

Aristotle 179;

Orphism 27, 29

Eustochium 320–1

Evagrius 348

Evans, Sir Arthur 17, 18

evil:

Aquinas, St Thomas 422, 423–4, 525;

Augustine, St 327, 328;

Boethius 344–5;

God's knowledge of 422, 525;

John the Scot 378;

Leibniz, G. W. 538–9;

Manichæism 306;

Nietzsche, F. W. 689–90;

Plotinus 279;

problem of 228–9, 245–6, 523, 525, 538–9;

Scepticism 228–9;

Schopenhauer, A. 683–5;

Spinoza, B. de 523, 525;

Stoicism 243–4, 245–6

evolution:

Anaximander 36;

Bergson, H. 715–16;

Darwin, C. 657–9, 704;

Empedocles 61

executive:

Locke, J. 579–81

existence:

essence distinction 535–7;

Leibniz, G. W. 535–7, 541–2;

Locke, J. 557–8;

Plato 151–3

expectation:

Hume, D. 605–12

experience:

causal relations 604–12;

Hume, D. 604–12;

James, W. 724–5;

Kant, I. 641–3, 647–8;

knowledge 137–9, 556, 557–8, 641–3;

Locke, J. 556, 557–8;

Plato 137–9

experiment:

Bacon, R. 430

Ezekiel 293–4

Ezra 294

faith:

Aquinas, St Thomas 420, 427;

Bacon, F. 498;

reason 427, 498;

Rousseau, J. J. 628–31

Fall 334–5, 339–40, 379

falling bodies 485–6, 489–90

family:

Aristotle 180, 182;

More, T. 478–9;

Plato 114–15, 182

Fascism 660, 695–6, 713

fate:

Aquinas, St Thomas 424;

Augustine, St 333;

Epicurus 236;

Greece 22, 116;

Hellenism 219

Father 307, 312–13, 378

fear:

Epicurus 235, 239;

Nietzsche, F. W. 693–4;

Spinoza, B. de 255–6, 528–9

feeling, philosophies of 714–22

Ferrara, Council of 445, 461

feudalism:

Holy Roman Empire 402;

Marx, K. 711

Fichte, Johann Gottlieb 650–1;

British philosophy 698;

Fascism and Nazism 713;

individualism 547;

liberalism 584;

Prussian influence 654;

subjectivism 455, 639

Filmer, Sir Robert 563–7, 573

final cause 73–4, 176

fire:

Anaxagoras 69;

Anaximander 35, 36;

Anaximenes 36;

Aristotle 198;

atomism 77–8;

Empedocles 62;

Heraclitus 48, 49, 50–1, 53, 54;

Stoicism 242–3, 244, 245, 253

First Cause 164, 420–1, 536

first premises 192, 255–6

Florence 457, 458–9, 465–6

flux, perpetual:

Heraclitus 51, 52–4;

Plato 52, 149, 150–1, 156

force:

Newton 207, 495–6;

parallelogram law 490–1

forethought 25–6

forgiveness 259–30, 301

form:

Aquinas, St Thomas 423;

Aristotle 161–4, 165, 166–7

forms see ideas, theory of

France:

Albigenses 413–14;

Bergson, H. 714;

end of Dark Ages 372;

Hume, D. 601;

invasion of Italy 1494 457, 461;

Leibniz, G. W. 531–2;

Locke, J. 552, 583–4;

Louis XIV 549;

Marx, K. 707;

Naples and Sicily 460;

nineteenth century 654–6;

Normans 371;

papacy 433, 441, 442–3, 444;

Reformation 508–9;

Roman Empire 257, 267;

romantic movement 618;

Saracens incursions 371;

scholasticism 408;

separation of powers 581;

see also French Revolution

Francis of Assisi, St 409, 411, 415–16, 441–2

Franciscan Order:

Francis, St 416;

Inquisition 415;

papacy 443;

philosophers 417;

poverty 432;

schoolmen 428–38

Franks 313, 341, 342, 358, 363–9

Frederick II, Emperor 3, 5, 397, 409–13, 457, 460

Frederick Barbarossa, Emperor 400–2

Frederick the Great 628, 653

free will:

Augustine, St 333, 335, 339–40;

Descartes, R. 520;

Duns Scotus 431;

Epicurus 236;

Hobbes, T. 504, 507;

Jesuits

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