History of Western Philosophy - Bertrand Russell [485]
Origen 309;
Plotinus 279;
rise of science 493;
Scepticism 228
magnanimous man 170–1, 177
Maimonides 303, 397
majority rule:
Locke, J. 575–6
Malebranche, Nicolas 418, 514, 532
Malthus, Thomas 655, 656, 658, 704
Manchester School 547
Manichæism 306;
Augustine, St 322, 326–7, 395;
best of all possible worlds 538–9;
Bogomiles 414;
Plato's dualism 134;
sin 335
Al-Mansur, Yaqub 395
Marcion 414
Marcus Aurelius, Emperor:
equality 256;
government 260;
soul 242;
Stoicism 230, 241, 247, 248–50, 252–4;
superstition 264
marriage:
Albigenses 414;
Aquinas, St
Thomas 424, 426;
Aristotle 170, 180;
Christianity 134;
Epicurus 234, 235;
More, T. 479;
Plato's Republic 114–15;
of priests 382–3;
Sparta 100, 106
Marsiglio of Padua 432–4, 443, 446
Martin I, Pope 364
Martin V, Pope 445
Martin of Tours, St 350
Marx, Karl 705, 706–13;
Darwin, C. 658;
Hegel, G. W. F. 661;
Jewish pattern of history 338–9;
labour theory of value 578, 579;
liberalism 547, 584;
Locke, J. 583
Mary, Queen of England 565
materialism:
Democritus 78;
Descartes, R. 520;
Epicurus 238–9;
Hobbes, T. 503;
Marx, K. 706, 707;
Spinoza, B. de 522;
Stoicism 241, 242–3, 246
mathematics:
Arab philosophers 396;
Bacon, R. 429–30, 499, 500;
Bergson, H. 720;
Descartes, R. 513–14, 516;
empiricism,Hobbes, T. 501;
Greece 15, 47, 55, 200–8;
Hume, D. 604;
inductive method 499, 500;
Leibniz, G. W. 540;
logical analysis 738–41, 742–3;
Plato 125, 130–1, 136, 138–9, 153–5;
Pythagoreanism 38, 41–5;
scholasticism 406;
seventeeth century 493;
syllogisms 191
matter:
Aristotle 161–4, 165;
atomism 76–7;
Bergson, H. 715–18;
Berkeley, G. 589–99;
definition 598–9;
Descartes, R. 514–15, 517–20, 522–3;
German idealism 639;
Hegel, G. W. F. 666;
James, W. 724–5;
Leibniz, G. W. 533–4;
logical analysis 742;
Plotinus 276–7;
Spinoza, B. 522–3;
theory of relativity 741–2
Matthew of Aquasparta 428, 430
Maurice, Emperor 357–8
Maximus 315, 317
Mazzini, Giuseppe 621
meaning:
Aristotle 193;
Parmenides 56–8;
Plato 123, 127–8, 156
mechanics:
Descartes, R. 515
mechanism:
Bergson, H. 715
Medici family 459, 466, 467, 468
medicine:
Arab philosophers 396;
Avicenna 394;
Descartes, R. 514;
Empedocles 61
Meletus 91, 93–4
memory:
Bergson, H. 718, 721–2;
Berkeley, G. 596;
definition of mind 598;
Plato 137–9, 150;
Plotinus 276
Menander, King 214, 219
merit:
Aristotle 172–3
Merovingians 364–5
Mesopotamia 15–16, 17
Messiah 292, 295, 299, 300
metaphysics:
Aristotle 157–67, 190–1;
Greeks 46–7, 74;
Heraclitus 50–1;
Leibniz, G. W. 534–8, 540;
Locke, J. 555–6;
metaphysical terms 436;
method of modern philosophy 585–6;
Parmenides 55;
Plotinus 270–1;
Spinoza, B. de 522–4, 528;
Stoicism 242
method, modern philosophy 585–6
method of exhaustion 202
Metrodorus 232
Michael, Emperor 376, 377
Michael III, Emperor 370
Michael of Cesena 432
Michael Scott 396
middle class 545, 566, 573, 587–8, 659
Milan:
Ambrose, St 315, 317;
Holy Roman Empire 400, 401, 402;
papacy 385, 387;
Renaissance 457–8
Milesian school 33–7
Miletus 33–7, 71
Mill, James 656, 698, 700–1, 704, 705, 712
Mill, John Stuart 500, 654, 656, 689, 701, 702–3
millenarianism 371–2
mind:
Anaxagoras 69;
Aristotle's doctrine of the soul 166–7;
Berkeley, G. 590–9;
definition 598–9;
Descartes, R. 514–15, 516–20, 522–3;
Epicurus 233;
German idealism 639;
James, W. 724–5;
Leibniz, G. W. 533–4;
Locke, J. 557–8;
logical analysis 742;
perception 151–2;
Plato 134–6, 144–5;
Plotinus 273;
Spinoza, B. de 522–3;
Stoicism 245
Minoan culture 17–18
miracles 311, 352–3, 424
Mithras 265
modernity:
characteristics 453–6;
science 484
Mohammed 306, 359, 390, 393
Mommsen, W. 654
monads:
Leibniz, G. W. 533–4, 537, 542, 585, 637
monarchy:
absolute 508–9, 574;
Aristotle 171, 183, 185;
Bentham, J. 700;
divine right of kings 545, 563–7, 573, 628, 636;
Egypt 16;
English Civil War 548–9;
Greece 20;
Hegel, G. W. F. 667;
Hobbes, T. 505–9, 510;
Kant, I. 646;
Locke, J. 563–7, 579–81;
Reformation 482;
relationship to Church 4–5, 6–7, 482;