Pox_ An American History - Michael Willrich [213]
56 NCBOH 1897–98, 79, 88. KBOH 1898–99, 79, 139. J. C. Ballard, “Smallpox in Concordia Parish, Louisiana,” PHR, 14 (Nov. 3, 1899), 1893.
57 “Why Smallpox Is Not Checked,” AC, Aug. 9, 1897, 2. C. P. Wertenbaker, “Report on the Investigation of Smallpox in North Carolina and Georgia,” PHR, 15 (Feb. 2, 1900), 216. C. P. Wertenbaker, “Review of Operations in Advisory Capacity in Suppressing Smallpox in Georgia,” PHR, 14 (Nov. 3, 1899), 1844.
58 KBOH 1898–99, 74.
59 Ibid., 139, 140. See Steven Hahn, A Nation Under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2003), 412–64.
60 “General Vaccination Ordered,” WP, Dec. 20, 1900, 1.
61 KBOH 1898–99, 96.
62 Ibid., 81, 80, 98, 145. NCBOH 1897–98, 35.
63 “Itching Skin Diseases,” WM, advertisement, Jan. 26, 1898, 2. John D. Long, “Report on the Inspection of a Gang of Workmen En Route from Clarksburg, W. Va., through Washington to the South,” PHR, 61 (Jan. 4, 1901), 1–2. See Wertenbaker, “Investigation of Smallpox at Columbia and Sumter,” 468–70.
64 NCBOH 1899–1900, 172.
65 KBOH 1898–99, 29. KBOH 1896–97, 72.
66 C. P. Wertenbaker, “Investigation of Smallpox at Charlotte,” 140–41. Wertenbaker, “Smallpox Situation in Danville, Va.,” 1038. On rumor, see Hahn, Nation Under Our Feet.
67 W. G. Dailey to State Board of Health, Aug. 11, 1898, KBOH 1898–99, 63–64. B. W. Smock in ibid., 104. KBOH 1900–01, 107. NCBOH 1899–1900, 158.
68 USSGPHMHS 1898, 598–99. See, e.g., “Bullitt County,” in KBOH 1898–99, 64–65.
69 Wertenbaker, “Review of Operations . . . Georgia,” 1884.
70 Shirley Everton Johnson, “Conquering a Small-Pox Epidemic in Kentucky,” in KBOH 1898–99, 107–14, esp. 108.
71 Wertenbaker, “Review of Operations . . . Georgia,” 1884.
72 Wertenbaker, “Report on Inspection of Smallpox at Winston, High Point, and Greensboro,” 324.
73 Wertenbaker, “Plan of Organization,” 1779.
74 See, for example, Wertenbaker, “Report on Inspection of Smallpox at Winston, High Point, and Greensboro,” 323–24; Wertenbaker, “Smallpox Situation in Danville, Va.,” 1038. Wertenbaker may have picked up this technique from North Carolina health officials, who in the fall of 1898 had staged a sort of whistle-stop campaign around the state to “preach the propaganda of vaccination.” NCBOH 1899–1900, 13–16.
75 Wertenbaker, “Investigation of Smallpox at Charlotte,” 140–41; Wertenbaker, “Investigation of Smallpox at Columbia and Sumter,” 468–70; Wertenbaker, “Measures to Prevent the Spread of Smallpox in Georgia,” PHR, 14 (Mar. 3, 1899), 273–78. See “Vaccination: Ugly Accidents,” DMN, May 14, 1899, 3. See also W. C. Hobdy, “Report on Smallpox in Wilson, N.C.,” PHR, 17 (Jan. 24, 1902), 164–65.
76 NCBOH 1897–98, 35.
77 Ibid., 39, 37, 113.
78 NCBOH 1899–1900, 156. NCBOH 1897–98, 91.
79 Wertenbaker, “Plan of Organization,” 1779.
80 M. J. Rosenau, “Report on the examination of dried lymph and glycerinized vaccine lymph,” Apr. 2, 1900, CPWL, vol. 1.
81 Wertenbaker, “Smallpox Outbreak in Bristol,” 1891. Henry F. Long, “Smallpox in Iredell County,” in NCBOH 1897–98, 210.
82 Wertenbaker, “Plan of Organization,” 1766, 1770, 1780.
83 Ibid., 1779.
84 C. P. Wertenbaker to Walter Wyman, Feb. 11, 1900, CPWL, vol. 6.
85 C. P. Wertenbaker, Colored Antituberculosis League: Proposed Plan of Organization (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1909). “Death, Here, of Noted Surgeon.” “Oral History Interview with Alicia Wertenbaker Flynn,” July 14, 1976, Library of the University of Virginia, Special Collections.
86 On the history of this beautiful cemetery, see David Mauer, “Set in Stone: The Serenity of U.Va.’s Cemetery Belies a Colorful Past,” University of Virginia Magazine, Spring 2008, 40–44.
FOUR: WAR IS HEALTH
1 Margherita Arlina Hamm, Manila and the Philippines