Render Unto Rome_ The Secret Life of Money in the Catholic Church - Jason Berry [207]
9. Thomas J. Reese, SJ, A Flock of Shepherds: The National Conference of Catholic Bishops (Kansas City, MO, 1992), p. 282.
10. Jerry Filteau, “Vatican’s Financial Head Says Catholics Not Giving What They Can,” Catholic News Service, November 12, 1991.
11. Sandro Magister, “For Peter’s Cash, a Calm Amid the Storm,” trans. Matthew Sherry, January 30, 2009, www.chiesa.espressonline.it.
12. On Peter’s Pence figures, see Peter R. D’Agostino, Rome in America (Chapel Hill, NC, 2004), p. 31. On Rome real estate, see John F. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy (Cambridge, UK, 2005), p. 62.
13. Nicholas P. Cafardi, “The Availability of Parish Assets for Diocesan Debts: A Canonical Analysis,” Seton Hall Legislative Journal 29, no. 2 (2004–2005), p. 362.
14. David I. Kertzer, The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara (New York, 1998), p. 15.
15. Eamon Duffy, Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes (New Haven, CT, 2006), p. 286.
16. David Kertzer, telephone interview with the author, May 8, 2009. See also David I. Kertzer, The Popes Against the Jews: The Vatican’s Role in the Rise of Modern Anti-Semitism (New York, 2001), chap. 3.
17. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy, p. 24.
18. Charles Dickens, Pictures from Italy (New York, 1974), p. 165.
19. Tommaso Astarita, Between Salt Water and Holy Water: A History of Southern Italy (New York, 2005), p. 75.
20. Massimo Franco, Parallel Empires: The Vatican and the United States—Two Centuries of Alliance and Conflict (New York, 2008), p. 32.
21. Kertzer, The Popes Against the Jews, p. 79.
22. James Carroll, Constantine’s Sword: The Church and the Jews (New York, 2001), p. 379.
23. Kertzer, The Popes Against the Jews, p. 115.
24. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy, pp. 32–33.
25. “Peter’s Pence,” www.britannica.com.
26. D’Agostino, Rome in America, p. 31.
27. James M. O’Toole, The Faithful: A History of Catholics in America (Cambridge, MA, 2008), p. 132.
28. David I. Kertzer, Prisoner of the Vatican: The Popes’ Secret Plot to Capture Rome from the New Italian State (Boston, 2004), p. 5.
29. Kertzer, The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, p. 79, quoting Jan Derek Holmes’s The Triumph of the Holy See (Shepherdstown, WV, 1978).
30. Anthony Rhodes, The Power of Rome in the Twentieth Century: The Vatican and the Age of Liberal Democracies, 1870–1922 (London, 1983), pp. 36–37.
31. Duffy, Saints and Sinners, p. 289.
32. Ibid., pp. 293–94.
33. “Peter’s Pence,” New York Times, December 4, 1860.
34. John F. Pollard, Catholicism in Modern Italy: Religion, Society and Politics Since 1861 (New York, 2008), p. 22; Kertzer, Prisoner of the Vatican, p. 24.
35. Garry Wills, Papal Sin (New York, 2000), p. 74.
36. Duffy, Saints and Sinners, p. 228.
37. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy, pp. 32–33.
38. J. N. D. Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes (Oxford, 1986), pp. 314–16. On 3.5 million lire, see Duffy, Saints and Sinners, p. 233.
39. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy, p. 39.
40. Kertzer, Prisoner of the Vatican, p. 19.
41. Ibid., p. 26.
42. Ibid., p. 31.
43. Gertrude Himmelfarb, Lord Acton: A Study in Conscience and Politics (London, 1952), p. 102, explains that “the Roman States” had sixty-two bishops representing 700,000 people, while a single bishop represented 1.7 million Polish Catholics. “In ecclesiastical statistics, it appeared that twenty learned Germans counted for less than one untutored Italian.”
44. Wills, Papal Sin, pp. 249–56.
45. Ibid., p. 215.
46. Corrado Pallenberg, Vatican Finances (London, 1971), p. 59.
47. Hans Küng, Infallible? An Unresolved Enquiry (New York, 1994), pp. 145–46.
48. Pallenberg, Vatican Finances, p. 32.
49. Ibid., p. 33.
50. Kertzer, Prisoner of the Vatican, p. 132.
51. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy, p. 51.
52. D’Agostino, Rome in America, pp. 61, 78.
53. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy, p. 51.
54. Rhodes, The Power of Rome, p. 76.
55. Kertzer, The Popes Against the Jews, p. 192.
56. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the