Rome's Gothic Wars_ From the Third Century to Alaric - Michael Kulikowski [104]
Sarus
Gothic general in Roman service beginning in 407, he caused the final breakdown of negotiations between Alaric and Honorius and was later killed in battle with his long-standing enemy Athaulf in 412.
Saturninus
magister equitum and senior general of Valens, promoted to lead the Thracian campaign against Fritigern’s Goths after the failures of Traianus and Profuturus. After Adrianople, he continued in the service of Theodosius and helped negotiate the emperor’s Gothic peace of 382.
Sebastianus
retired western general promoted by Valens in spring 378 to take overall command of the Gothic war, he won some victories but was killed in the battle of Adrianople.
Septimius Severus
emperor 193–211, North African emperor of Punic origin and the father of Caracalla.
Serena
Theodosius’ niece and adopted daughter, wife of Stilicho and mother of Eucherius, Maria and Thermantia, she was murdered during Alaric’s first siege of Rome with the approval of her cousin Galla Placidia.
Shapur Ⅰ
Sassanian king of Persia 240–272 and the most dangerous enemy of the Roman empire in this period.
Sigesarius
Gothic homoean priest in the entourage of Alaric and Athaulf who baptised Priscus Attalus.
Stilicho
Roman general and member of the imperial family, husband of Theodosius’ niece and adopted daughter Serena, father of Eucherius, Maria and Thermantia. Stilicho was regent for Honorius after Theodosius’ death in 395, but his claims to similar regency over Arcadius in the East were rejected by the eastern court. The death of Arcadius in 408 caused a final breach between Stilicho and Honorius, after which Stilicho was killed.
Sueridus
Gothic commander of a regular unit in the Roman army along with Colias, he joined the revolt of Fritigern in 377 after a dispute with the curia of Adrianople.
Tacitus
emperor 275–276, assassinated while campaigning against Gothic invaders in Asia.
Tacitus (historian)
see Glossary of Ancient Sources
Themistius
see Glossary of Ancient Sources
Theoderic Ⅰ
Gothic king 418–451. A relative by marriage of Alaric, he led the Goths after their settlement in Aquitania in 418.
Theodoric
(“the Great”) Ostrogothic king of Italy 489–526. The lost Gothic history of Cassiodorus was dedicated to him.
Theodosius Ⅰ
emperor 379–395. Proclaimed emperor and recognized by Gratian shortly after emerging from retirement, he concluded the Balkan Gothic war in 382, thereafter facing the western usurpations of Magnus Maximus and Eugenius, before his premature death.
Theodosius ‘the Elder’
father of Theodosius Ⅰ and the best general of Valentinian Ⅰ, executed in obscure circumstances after Valentinian’s death in 375.
Thermantia
younger daughter of Stilicho and Serena, married to Honorius in 408 after the death of his first wife, Thermantia’s elder sister Maria.
Traianus
general of Valens sent to Thrace with Profuturus in 377 to fight the Goths, he was killed at Adrianople.
Trajan
emperor 98–117, he fought two Dacian wars on the Danube frontier and created the Roman province of Dacia.
Tribigild
Gothic general in imperial service, he revolted at Nacoleia in Asia Minor in 399.
Uldin
Hun chieftain on the Danube in 400 who killed Gainas.
Ulfila
bishop of ‘the Scythians’ appointed in either 336 or 341 and evangelist of the Goths beyond the Danube. Expelled from Gothia after eight years, he and his followers settled in Moesia, inventing an alphabet in which Gothic could be written and translating the Bible into it.
Valens
emperor 364–378. Made emperor by his elder brother Valentinian Ⅰ in 364, he took command of the East, but was soon challenged by the usurpation of Procopius, which then led to the Gothic wars of 367–369. He admitted the Tervingi into the empire in 376 in order to use them as soldiers on the eastern frontier. When the Gothic revolt became serious in 377, he made peace with Persia and returned to Thrace, where he was defeated and killed at Adrianople in 378.
Valentinian Ⅰ
emperor 364–375. Elected by the army after the death of Jovian, he divided