Rome's Gothic Wars_ From the Third Century to Alaric - Michael Kulikowski [110]
[63] Anon. post Dionem 14.1 (FHG 4: 199).
[64] ILS 8942; ILS 696, before 315.
[65] Alica: Orig. Const. 27, with the emendation of Valesius. The testimony of Jordanes, Getica 111 is garbled. Franks and Constantine: Zosimus, HN 2.15.1. Bonitus: Ammianus, RG 15.5.33.
[66] Julian, Caes. 329B.
[67] Aurelius Victor 41; Epitome de Caesaribus 41.13; Chronicon Paschale, s.a. 328 (Bonn 527); commemorated on coins: RIC 7: 331 (Rome 298); Orig. Const. 35 for the ripa Gothica.
[68] Zosimus, HN 2.31.3.
[69] Descriptio consulum, s.a. 332 (Burgess, 236).
[70] Eusebius, Vita Const. 4.5.1–2; Orig. Const. 31; Aurelius Victor 41.13; Eutropius 10.7.
[71] Julian, Or. 1.9D.
[72] Themistius, Or. 15.191a.
[73] Jordanes, Getica 112.
[74] Eusebius, Vita Const. 4.5.2.
[75] Eunapius, frag. 37 (Blockley) = 37 (Müller); Zosimus, HN 4.10; Ammianus, RG 26.10.3, which puts the number of Procopius’ Gothic supporters at 3,000.
[76] Tribute: Eusebius, Vita Const. 4.5.2; Ammianus, RG 17.12. Military service in 332: Eusebius, Vita Const. 4.5 is vague on the Goths and entirely explicit about the Sarmatians being forced to serve in the army as a condition of peace (Vita Const. 4.6); cf. the late testimony of Jordanes, Getica 112 (Goths send 40,000 troops as a result of the treaty). Service on a case-by-case basis thereafter: Libanius, Or. 59.89 for 348; Ammianus, RG 20.8.1 for 360 and id. 23.2.7 for 363.
[77] See in particular G. L. Duncan, Coin Circulation in the Danubian and Balkan Provinces of the Roman Empire,AD294–578 (London, 1993) and E. Stoljarik, Essays on Monetary Circulation in the North-western Black Sea Region in the Late Roman and Byzantine Periods, Late 3rd Century–Early 13th CenturyAD (Odessa, 1993).
[78] Alexandru Popa, Romains ou barbares? Architecture en pierre dans le barbaricum à l’époque romaine tardive (sur le matériel archéologique du Nord-Ouest du Pont Euxin) (Chisinau [Moldova], 2001), 55–61; Andrei Opait, Local and Imported Ceramics in the Roman Province of Scythia (4th–6th centuriesAD): Aspects of Economic Life in the Province of Scythia, British Archaeological Reports, International Series 1274 (Oxford, 2004).
[79] A. Suceveanu and A. Barnea, La Dobroudja romaine (Bucharest, 1991), 260.
[80] See the articles in Bente Magnus, ed., Roman Gold and the Development of the Early Germanic Kingdoms: Symposium in Stockholm 14–16 November 1997, Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Konferenser 51 (Stockholm, 2001); Attila Kiss, ‘Die “barbarischen” Könige des 4.–7. Jahrhunderts im Karpatenbecken, als Verbündeten des römischen bzw. byzantinischen Reiches’, Communicationes Archaeologicae Hungariae (1991): 115–28.
[81] Aleksandrovka: Popa, Romains ou barbares, 19–21. Bašmačka: ibid., 22–34. Gorodok: ibid., 42–43. Palanca: ibid., 64–65.
[82] Alexandru Popa, ‘Die Siedlung Sobari, Kr. Soroca (Republik Moldau)’, Germania 75 (1997): 119–131.
[83] Popa, Romains ou barbares, 45–49.
[84] See generally Attila Kiss, ‘Die Schatzfunde č und č von Szilágysomlyó als Quellen der gepidischen Geschichte’, Archaeologia Austriaca 75 (1991): 249–60; Radu Harhoiu, The Treasure from Pietroasa in Romania, British Archaeological Reports, International Series 24 (Oxford, 1977); id., Die frühe Völkerwanderungszeit in Rumänien (Bucharest, 1997); Florin Curta, ‘Frontier ethnogenesis in late antiquity: the Danube, the Tervingi, and the Slavs’, in id., ed., Borders, Barriers and Ethnogenesis: Frontiers in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Turnhout, 2005), 173–204. For the fortifications of the site, Popa, Romains ou barbares, 66–69.
[85] Tomb 14 at Hanska-Luterija, with fragments of many bronze vessels, a gold bracelet, and glass items, is a rare exception.
[86] M. Kazanski, Les Goths (Paris, 1993) is the best short introduction to Sântana-de-Mureč/černjachov funerary sites, but see