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Safe Food_ Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bioterrorism - Marion Nestle [216]

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originally from pCIB90 containing aphIV selectable marker gene into pBaal3 followed by digestion of the I-Sce fragment of the resulting plasmid and insertion into I-Sce I-digested pBin19M.” This description is fully intelligible to any scientist who works with plasmids; table 17 gives a rough explanation of what it means.

2. A particularly lucid account of these concepts is given in Alberts B, Bray D, Johnson A, et al, eds. Essential Cell Biology: An Introduction to the Molecular Biology of the Cell. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1998.

3. Ye X, Al-Babili S, Klöti A, et al. Engineering the provitamin A (β-carotene) biosynthetic pathway into (carotenoid-free) rice endosperm. Science 2000;287: 303–305.

4. Beyer P, Al-Babili S, Ye S, et al. Golden Rice: introducing the β-carotene biosynthesis pathway into rice endosperm by genetic engineering to defeat vitamin A deficiency. J Nutrition 2002;132:506s–510s.

5. Chawla HS. Introduction to Plant Biotechnology. Enfield, NH: Science Publishers, 2000.

LIST OF TABLES


1. Key events in the political history of StarLink corn, 1995 to 2002

2. Comparison of “science-based” and “value-based” approaches to risk evaluation

3. The most frequent microbial causes of foodborne disease in the United States

4. Recommendations for reducing the risk of infection from E. coli O157:H7

5. Modern developments in food production practices, dietary preferences, and demographics

6. The distribution of U.S. government regulatory responsibility for food safety

7. The illogical division of food safety oversight

8. The seven principles of HACCP

9. Food safety is everyone’s responsibility

10. Suggestions for legislative actions to ensure safe food

11. Theoretical and current applications of food biotechnology

12. Outline of the research steps to make Golden Rice

13. Actions of selected countries regarding genetically modified foods, 2001

14. FDA advice about food security, 2002

15. Suggestions for political actions to ensure safe food

16. Selected examples of food recalls and outbreaks of foodborne illness in the United States, 2006–2009

17. Highlights of one method to insert beta-carotene into rice

LIST OF FIGURES


1. The multinational origins of Aventis CropScience

2. The chain of production, distribution, and marketing of StarLink corn

3. Sierra magazine cover: “When biology meets big business”

4. The inconsistent and illogical federal oversight of beef and chicken broths

5. A Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan for cooked meat

6. USDA safe-handling instructions for raw meat, annotated

7. Doonesbury cartoon: Senator Robert Dole’s attempt to deregulate the meat industry

8. The Fight BAC! campaign for home food safety

9. The radura irradiation symbol and the EPA logo

10. Daily News front page: “Meat Mess”

11. Cartoon: “Genetically Modified Specials”

12. Biotechnology industry advertisement for the benefits of Golden Rice

13. The pathway of biosynthesis of beta-carotene

14. Biotechnology industry advertisement for genetically engineered breakfast cereal

15. Cartoon: a child’s objections to genetically modified food

16. Cartoon: Sylvia’s dreams of the benefits of genetically modified food

17. Industry advertisement for the benefits of biotechnology to farmers

18. Public protest against genetically modified foods, 1999

19. Ben & Jerry’s policy on the use of rBGH in their products

20. FDA policy on the safety assessment of genetically modified plants, 1992

21. Cartoon: response to the FDA’s regulatory stance on genetically modified foods

22. Calgene’s 1992 proposed label for genetically modified Flavr Savrô tomatoes

23. Label: Sainsbury’s genetically modified tomato paste

24. Proposed label for genetically modified foods, 1999

25. Food products labeled as genetically modified or as “GM-free”

26. Flyer advertising a San Francisco Mime Troupe play, summer 2000

27. Greenpeace card opposing the marketing of genetically modified foods

28. Manhattan billboard featuring Alexis Rockman’s The Farm, 2000

29. U.S. food aid to Afghanistan,

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