Safe Food_ Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bioterrorism - Marion Nestle [217]
30. Organization chart for the U.S. Office of Homeland Security, 2001
31. The Onion’s creative solution to the food safety crisis
INDEX
Note: Page numbers in italics refer to figures; page numbers in boldface refer to tables.
Abbott Laboratories, 259
Abortion, spontaneous, 36
Acceptability of risk, 16–17, 18, 124
Accountability, 1, 43, 83, 124, 129, 137, 188, 253
Acid, microbial resistance to, 40, 41, 43, 97
Additives, 21, 22, 34, 92, 122, 178, 196, 207, 212
Adulterants, 82, 83, 102–3, 104, 106
Advanta Seeds, 8
Advertising, 56, 133, 154, 160, 161, 181, 182, 202, 214, 222
See also Marketing
Afghanistan, 261–63, 263, 271, 277
Aflatoxin, 56, 291
Agency for International Development, U.S., 116
AgrEvo, 3, 4, 6, 7
Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), 56, 58, 135
Agricultural Research Service (ARS), 56
Agriculture
concentration of production in, 43, 43–45, 54
See also Biotechnology, agricultural; Food industry
Agriculture, U.S. Department of. See USDA
Agrobacteria, 301, 331n35
Alcohol, 35, 56
Alexander, Stuart, 111
Allergic reactions, 2, 3, 4–5, 9–11, 13, 14, 16–17, 19–20, 25, 142, 172–76, 192, 208, 241, 243
Alliance for Bio-Integrity, 244
Alliance for Food Security, 269
Alto Dairy, 89
American Cancer Society, 29
American Cheese Society, 128, 323n38
American Corn Growers Association, 224, 245
American Council on Science and Health (ACSH), 24, 123
American Dietetic Association, 120, 165
American Federation of Government Employees, 108
American Meat Institute, 71, 76, 77, 81, 82, 83, 91, 100, 124, 134, 254, 295
American Medical Association, 206
American Public Health Association (APHA), 66–67, 76, 80–81, 106, 271–72
American Seed Trade Association, 4
American Veterinary Medical Association, 295
Amino acids, 9, 147, 174, 183–84, 185, 196, 198, 300, 301, 331n35, 343n5
See also Tryptophan
Anemia, 160
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), 56, 58
Animal feed, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 43, 47, 56, 113, 146, 147, 151, 174, 175, 251–55, 288
Animal rights, 200, 229
Animals as carriers of pathogens, 29, 34, 37, 42, 43, 44–48, 52, 62, 250–57, 342n4
cattle, 25, 28, 40, 41, 42, 44–45 (See also Cattle, infected)
poultry, 34, 37, 46, 54, 57–59, 95, 115, 134
Anthrax, 25, 33, 126, 248, 249, 250, 257–60, 265, 301, 344n23
Antibiotics, 176–77
farm animals treated with, 43, 46–48, 113, 176, 177, 179, 199, 259, 295
and protection against anthrax, 258–60 resistance to
and genetically modified products, 142, 176–79, 192, 221, 229, 238, 243
microbial, 19, 41, 43, 45–47, 118, 127–28, 176, 199, 259, 265, 279, 294–95, 301
Antitrust laws, 232, 244
APHA v. Butz, 66–67, 76, 80–81, 106
Archer Daniels Midland, 8
Argentina, 150, 237, 238, 239, 240
Armour company, 90
Army, U.S., 122
Arsenic, 136
Arthritis, 40
Artisanal cheese, 128
Asilomar conference on biotechnology, 171
AstraZeneca, 159–60
Australia, 109, 238, 239
Austria, 238, 278
Aventis CropScience, 2–8, 11–14, 16, 139, 234, 260
Azteca Milling, 6, 8
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), 3, 6, 151, 180–81, 183, 196, 207, 216–19, 220, 301
Bacteria
genetically modified, 139
mutations in, 184
Bacteria, foodborne, 27, 28, 35, 36, 37, 40–42, 57–59
antibiotic-resistant, 19, 41, 45–47, 118, 127–28, 176–77, 199
and safe handling labels, 66–67, 76–77, 82, 83, 90
spread by processing practices, 49, 50, 117–20
spread by production practices, 43, 44–45
and warning labels, 66–67, 98–99
See also Microbes, foodborne; names of bacterial species
Bayer, 5, 259, 260
Bayer CropScience, 260
Beachy, Roger, 151, 326n13
Beef
ground, 29, 40, 45, 77, 78, 81–84, 97, 101, 102, 104, 125, 283, 284, 286, 288–90, 294–95
imported, 114
irradiated, 122–26, 136
nonintact, 103
rare, 29, 35
See also Hamburger
Beef America, 101
Beef industry
accountability of, 83, 124, 129
and cattle diseases, 44–45, 135, 187, 249, 250–57, 289
government alliance with, 62, 63, 65, 70–71, 74, 84, 253, 255
government influenced by, 31, 46, 76, 77, 79–80, 91–92, 94
through lobbying, 62, 64, 65, 71, 79, 80, 91, 118
government inspection of, 50–54, 59, 65–66,